Cryptosporidium causes a long-lasting diarrheal illness that can be life-threatening in immunocompromised people. It is spread from humans or animals, particularly cattle, via water, food, animal-to-person, or person-to person. The parasite’s extreme chlorine tolerance has facilitated it emerging as a leading waterborne pathogen; it is now the leading cause of outbreaks associated with swimming pools. An estimated 748,000 cryptosporidiosis case reports occur in the United States annually. Since 2004, annual reports of cryptosporidiosis have risen >3-fold in the U.S.
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