How Chemotherapy Causes Taste Changes and Loss of Appetite

https://www.news-medical.net/health/How-Chemotherapy-Causes-Taste-Changes-and-Loss-of-Appetite.aspx Chemotherapy can change how food tastes and smells, which can reduce appetite, worsen nutrition, and lower quality of life during cancer treatment. This article explains how these changes occur, what patients commonly experience, and which supportive strategies may help, given the limited evidence for treatment. Chemotherapy-induced taste alteration (CITA) is one of the most common sensory side effects of cancer treatment, yet it often receives far less attention than nausea, fatigue, or pain. By disrupting taste perception, CITA can significantly affect appetite, nutrition, quality of life, and a patient’s tolerance of ongoing therapy.

How Eating Slowly and Food Texture Influence Appetite and Weight

https://www.news-medical.net/health/How-Eating-Slowly-and-Food-Texture-Influence-Appetite-and-Weight.aspx Food texture and chewing speed influence appetite, satiety, and energy intake through mechanisms of oral processing and gut signaling. These effects are modest but consistent, suggesting practical relevance for dietary behavior and weight management. Food choices and eating behavior influence appetite and weight. An increasing body of evidence suggests that the texture of foods, as well as the rate of consumption, can influence our appetite. Solid and semi-solid foods may keep us full for longer than liquids. Meta-analytic evidence shows that solid foods reduce hunger compared to liquids (mean difference ≈ −4.97 mm on visual analog scales), while higher viscosity foods also modestly enhance fullness. Supporting this, studies show that individuals who consume whole, high-viscosity foods experience less hunger than those who consume juices and purees. These observations have increased scientific interest in the role of food texture and eating behavior in regulating appetite.1

Type 1 diabetes preserves fitness but alters oxygen use in teens

https://www.news-medical.net/news/20260424/Type-1-diabetes-preserves-fitness-but-alters-oxygen-use-in-teens.aspx Even when fitness looks normal, hidden changes in oxygen use and microvascular function may already be emerging in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. A new study published in Frontiers in Endocrinology reveals that type 1 diabetes is associated with subtle alterations in oxygen utilization and peripheral microvascular function in response to graded exercise in adolescents. However, this chronic metabolic condition does not appear to significantly affect cardiovascular function and overall exercise capacity.

Resistance is not futile The Lancet Global Health + + + +...

The incidence and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella-attributable diarrhoea in young children in low-income and middle-income countries from the multicountry Enterics for Global Health (EFGH) Shigella Surveillance Study: a prospective, facility-based hybrid surveillance study Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai, PhDa,b,* ∙ Jennifer Cornick, PhDc,d,* ∙ Pablo Penataro Yori, MPHe,f,* ∙ M Jahangir Hossain, MBBSg,* ∙ Adama Mamby Keita, MDh,* ∙ Hannah E Atlas, MPHi,* ∙ et al. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(25)00534-0/fulltext?dgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_feature_langlo Impact of two decades of humanitarian and development assistance and the projected mortality consequences of current defunding to 2030: retrospective evaluation and forecasting analysis Andrea Ferreira da Silva, PhDa,b,† ∙ Rodrigo Volmir Rezende Anderle, PhDa,† ∙ Gonzalo Barreix Sibils, MPHc,d,† ∙ Lucas de Oliveira Ferreira de Sales, PhDa ∙ Daiana Pena, MPHc ∙ Caterina Monti, MPHc,d ∙ et al. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(26)00008-2/fulltext?dgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_feature_langlo Resistance is not futile The Lancet Global Health https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(25)00238-4/fulltext?dgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email May 2026 Volume 14Number 5e668-e851 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/issue/vol14no5/PIIS2214-109X(26)X2003-4

The US CDC on the brink The Lancet + + +...

Clinical and bacteriological effectiveness of three different short-course antibiotic regimens and single-dose fosfomycin for uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in women (SCOUT): a pragmatic, multicentre, open-label, randomised clinical trial Carl Llor, PhDa,b,c,d,e,f Send email to cllor@health.sdu.dk ∙ Ramon Monfà, MSca,b,c,g ∙ Ana Garcia-Sangenís, MSca,b,c ∙ Alfonso Leiva, PhDh ∙ Jaime Marín-Cañada, MDi,j ∙ María Antonia Sánchez-Calavera, MDk ∙ et al. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(25)02171-3/abstract?dgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_feature_lancet The US CDC on the brink The Lancet https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(26)00799-3/fulltext?dgcid=raven_jbs_etoc_email Apr 25, 2026 Volume 407Number 10539p1573-1656 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/vol407no10539/PIIS0140-6736(26)X2014-1

RARE Round-up - keeping you up-to-date

https://editions.rarerevolutionmagazine.com/html5/reader/production/default.aspx?pubname=&edid=cfec555e-0bf6-4813-9494-6b9538dbfd94&pnum=52 A clinical trial is never just a study—it’s a vessel for hope. But when programmes fail or are discontinued, families are often left with silence instead of answers. Drawing on her frontline experience as a nurse and now as head of patient engagement at Azafaros, Gisela Linthorst unpacks the ethical “duty of care” that remains when the science falls short.

Clinical trial finds no difference in fluid treatment options for pediatric sepsis

Clinical trial finds no difference in fluid treatment options for pediatric sepsis NIH-supported study is largest ever to compare fluid interventions to prevent major kidney damage in children treated for septic shock. https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/clinical-trial-finds-no-difference-fluid-treatment-options-pediatric-sepsis A large clinical trial supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) compared two commonly used treatments for pediatric patients treated for septic shock and found no difference in meaningful outcomes. The trial, which enrolled over 9,000 participants across five countries, sought to answer a longstanding question about which intravenous crystalloid fluid type was the superior option for children who were in septic shock, a life-threatening condition triggered by severe infection which requires immediate medical treatment. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH NIH News National Institutes of Health https://www.nih.gov/ For Immediate Release: Friday, April 24, 2026 CONTACT: NIH Office of Communications, https://www.hhs.gov/request-for-comment-form/index.html?Agency=NIH CLINICAL TRIAL FINDS NO DIFFERENCE IN FLUID TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR PEDIATRIC SEPSIS NIH-supported study is largest ever to compare fluid interventions to prevent major kidney damage in children treated for septic shock A large clinical trial supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) compared two commonly used treatments for pediatric patients treated for septic shock and found no difference in meaningful outcomes. The trial, which enrolled over 9,000 participants across five countries, sought to answer a longstanding question about which intravenous crystalloid fluid type was the superior option for children who were in septic shock, a life-threatening condition triggered by severe infection which requires immediate medical treatment. “For decades, pediatricians have debated which is the best intravenous resuscitation treatment for children with severe infections who have suspected septic shock,” said Rohan Hazra, M.D., acting director of NIH’s Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, which funded the study. “This largest-ever clinical trial for children treated for septic shock has immediate clinical application and allows physicians caring for these vulnerable patients to know they can confidently choose either intervention as a standard of care.” For the study, scientists sought to compare balanced crystalloid fluid, an IV solution designed to closely mimic the electrolyte composition of human plasma, to a 0.9% saline IV solution. They assigned over 4,200 participants between the ages of 2 months and 17 years into each arm of the trial and found no significant differences between the groups for incidences of death, persistent kidney disfunction, or new renal-replacement therapy (a type of dialysis treatment to temporarily replace kidney function). Participants in both groups received their assigned IV fluid type for 24-48 hours and achieved a median of 23 hospital-free days during the 28 days following enrollment. Children receiving the 0.9% saline solution had significantly higher incidences of abnormally high levels of chloride and sodium in their blood, while those receiving the balanced fluid had slightly higher incidence of abnormally high lactate in their blood. These were expected biochemical differences caused by the different fluid types, but, notably, this study found that these fluid-induced differences in blood profiles did not translate into meaningful differences in patient outcomes. There were also no other differences in safety outcomes between the treatments. Researchers acknowledge that while their trial’s large sample size allowed them to identify small differences in patient outcomes, there were still some limitations for broader application of treatments. Because the study targeted children with community-acquired sepsis who presented to an emergency department in high-resource locations, the authors are uncertain if these results can be generalized to low-resource settings or when a patient has hospital-acquired sepsis. Additionally, because treatment was initiated when septic shock was suspected using immediate clinical observations rather than waiting for abnormal laboratory results, which are often not available when symptoms appear, the authors cannot exclude the possibility that a specific fluid type could be preferred among the sickest subset of children or those who require treatment with very high fluid volumes. Despite these limitations, these results now confirm that emergency physicians can be reassured that either balanced fluid or 0.9% saline are safe and effective for children treated for septic shock. This research was supported by NIH grants R01HD101528 and P50DK114786 and led by the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN), a network for research in pediatric emergency medicine funded through Emergency Medical Services for Children (EMSC) program of the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) in collaboration with institutions in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and Costa Rica. About the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD): NICHD leads research and training to understand human development, improve reproductive health, enhance the lives of children and adolescents, and optimize abilities for all. For more information, visit https://www.nichd.nih.gov. About the National Institutes of Health (NIH): NIH, the nation's medical research agency, includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit http://www.nih.gov. NIH...Turning Discovery into Health -- Registered, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office --- REFERENCE: Balamuth F, Weiss SL, Long E, et al. Balanced Fluid or 0.9% Saline in Children Treated for Septic Shock. N Engl J Med. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2601969. ### This NIH News Release is available online at: https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/clinical-trial-finds-no-difference-fluid-treatment-options-pediatric-sepsis