CIENCIASMEDICASNEWS: Immune System Oxidant Could be Key to Inactivating Prions | NIH: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

viernes, 30 de septiembre de 2016

Immune System Oxidant Could be Key to Inactivating Prions | NIH: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases

Immune System Oxidant Could be Key to Inactivating Prions

NIAID scientists say BrioHOCl, a product made of hypochlorous acid that mimics the natural oxidative killing action of human immune cells against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, also can inactivate prions and other proteins, some of which are thought to be important in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. In a study published in PLoS Pathogens, the NIAID researchers used their novel RT-QuIC test to evaluate BrioHOCl for the Seattle-area company Briotech. NIAID plans follow-up studies to discover how hypochlorous acid inactivates prions and hopes to determine whether they can harness that process to treat or prevent prion and other protein-based diseases.

NIAID At a Glance

Immune System Oxidant Could be Key to Inactivating Prions

Thursday, September 29, 2016

A product that mimics the natural oxidative killing action of human immune cells against bacteria, viruses, and fungi also can inactivate prions and other proteins, some of which are thought to be important in Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases, according to National Institutes of Health (NIH) researchers. Prions are deadly protein-based pathogens that are extremely difficult to inactivate; recommended decontamination treatments often are dangerous to people or damaging to surfaces, such as those on surgical devices. There are reported cases of a prion disease (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, or CJD) being transmitted to patients via contaminated surgical equipment.

Scientists at NIH’s National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) first evaluated the product BrioHOCl in laboratory experiments using a prion diagnostic test they developed (RT-QuIC). They then confirmed the results in mice. The scientists determined that BrioHOCl eliminated all detectable prion-seeding activity for CJD, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE, or mad cow disease), chronic wasting disease (a disease primarily found in deer, elk, and moose) and scrapie (a disease of sheep) in brain tissue. They conducted a portion of the study using stainless steel wire as a surrogate for surgical instruments. BrioHOCl had similar effects on two proteins thought to contribute to Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease.

The Seattle-area company Briotech, Inc., developed BrioHOCl to remove biofilms – clusters of bacteria – from tubing and other surgical equipment. BrioHOCl is a highly purified formulation of hypochlorous acid, which immune cells produce naturally to kill microbes.

The NIAID researchers now are interested in discovering how hypochlorous acid inactivates prions, and determining whether they can harness that process to treat or prevent prion and other protein-based diseases. They also plan to evaluate whether BrioHOCl can inactivate prions associated with other tissues, fluids, tools, instruments, and environmental surfaces that may be of concern in medicine, biotechnology, agriculture, food production, and wildlife biology.

ARTICLE:
A Hughson et al. Inactivation of prions and amyloid seeds with hypochlorous acid. PLOS Pathogens DOI: 10.1371/ppat (2016).

WHO:
Byron Caughey, Ph.D., a senior investigator in NIAID’s Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, is available to comment on this study.

Content last reviewed on September 29, 2016