OBESITY 1.3. Preventing Chronic Disease: July 2009: 09_0014

SPECIAL TOPIC
Developmental Perspectives on Nutrition and Obesity From Gestation to Adolescence

• Introduction
• Gestational Period
• Infancy and Early Childhood
• Middle Childhood
• Adolescence
• Conclusions
• Author Information
• References
• Table

Layla Esposito, PhD; Jennifer O. Fisher, PhD; Julie A. Mennella, PhD; Deanna M. Hoelscher, PhD, RD, LD, CNS; Terry T. Huang, PhD, MPH
Suggested citation for this article: Esposito L, Fisher JO, Mennella JA, Hoelscher DM, Huang TT. Developmental perspectives on nutrition and obesity from gestation to adolescence. Prev Chronic Dis 2009;6(3). http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2009/
jul/09_0014.htm. Accessed [date].

Abstract
Obesity results from a complex combination of factors that act at many stages throughout a person’s life. Therefore, examining childhood nutrition and obesity from a developmental perspective is warranted. A developmental perspective recognizes the cumulative effects of factors that contribute to eating behavior and obesity, including biological and socioenvironmental factors that are relevant at different stages of development. A developmental perspective considers family, school, and community context. During gestation, risk factors for obesity include maternal diet, overweight, and smoking. In early childhood, feeding practices, taste acquisition, and eating in the absence of hunger must be considered. As children become more independent during middle childhood and adolescence, school nutrition, food marketing, and social networks become focal points for obesity prevention or intervention. Combining a multilevel approach with a developmental perspective can inform more effective and sustainable strategies for obesity prevention.

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Preventing Chronic Disease: July 2009: 09_0014