Antibiotics and similar drugs, together called antimicrobial agents, have been used for the last 70 years to treat people who have infectious diseases. Since the 1940s, these drugs have greatly reduced illness and death from infectious diseases. However, these drugs have been used so widely and for so long that the infectious organisms the antibiotics are designed to kill are adapting to them, making the drugs less effective.
Each year in the United States, at least 2 million people become infected with bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics and at least 23,000 people die each year as a direct result of these infections.
Articles
Oxacillinase-48–Like Carbapenemases, United States
J. D. Lutgring et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
J. D. Lutgring et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
Bacterial Infections in Neonates, Madagascar, 2012–2014
B. Huynh et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
B. Huynh et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
Artemisinin-Resistant Plasmodium falciparum with High Survival Rates, Uganda, 2014–2016
M. Ikeda et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
M. Ikeda et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
Ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae
M. Lahra et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
M. Lahra et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
mcr-1, Carbapenemase-Producing K. pneumonia
A. Mendes et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
A. Mendes et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
Imipenem Resistance in Clostridium difficile Ribotype 017, Portugal
J. Isidro et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
J. Isidro et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
Cephalosporin-Resistant N. gonorrhoeae, China
S. Chen et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
S. Chen et al. (Volume 24, Number 4)
Epidemiology and Molecular Identification and Characterization of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, South Africa, 2012–2015
M. Carrim et al. (Volume 24, Number 3)
M. Carrim et al. (Volume 24, Number 3)
Acquired Resistance to Antituberculosis Drugs in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, 2000–2015
M. G. Loutet et al. (Volume 24, Number 3)
M. G. Loutet et al. (Volume 24, Number 3)
Drug Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex in a Rural Setting, Angola
A. Rando-Segura et al. (Volume 24, Number 3)
A. Rando-Segura et al. (Volume 24, Number 3)
Whole-Genome Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Patients with Tuberculous Spondylitis, Russia
E. Chernyaeva et al. (Volume 24, Number 3)
E. Chernyaeva et al. (Volume 24, Number 3)
Acetobacter indonesiensis Pneumonia after Lung Transplantation
S. Basu et al. (Volume 24, Number 3)
S. Basu et al. (Volume 24, Number 3)
Ceftriaxone-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Canada, 2017
A. R. Katz (Volume 24, Number 3)
A. R. Katz (Volume 24, Number 3)
Spread of Meropenem-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 15A-ST63 Clone in Japan, 2012–2014
S. Nakano et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
S. Nakano et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Staphylococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome in the United Kingdom
H. Sharma et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
H. Sharma et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
Plasmid-Encoded Transferable mecB-Mediated Methicillin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
K. Becker et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
K. Becker et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
Ceftriaxone-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Canada, 2017
B. Lefebvre et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
B. Lefebvre et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
Invasive Serotype 35B Pneumococci Including an Expanding Serotype Switch Lineage
L. Olarte et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
L. Olarte et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
Drug-Resistant Polymorphisms and Copy Numbers in Plasmodium falciparum, Mozambique, 2015
H. Gupta, et al. (2018 Volume 24, Number 1)
H. Gupta, et al. (2018 Volume 24, Number 1)
Recognition of Azole-Resistant Aspergillosis by Physicians Specializing in Infectious Diseases, United States
T.A. Walker, et al. (2018 Volume 24, Number 1)
T.A. Walker, et al. (2018 Volume 24, Number 1)
Whole-Genome Analysis of Recurrent Staphylococcus aureus t571/ST398 Infection in Farmer, Iowa, USA
S.E. Wardyn, et al. (2018 Volume 24, Number 1)
S.E. Wardyn, et al. (2018 Volume 24, Number 1)
Antimicrobial Drug Resistance in Blood Culture Isolates at a Tertiary Hospital, Uganda
H. Kajumbula, et al. (2018 Volume 24, Number 1)
H. Kajumbula, et al. (2018 Volume 24, Number 1)
Ceftriaxone-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Canada, 2017
B. Lefebvre et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
B. Lefebvre et al. (Volume 24, Number 2)
Strengthening Global Surveillance for Antimicrobial-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae through the Enhanced Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (EGASP)
E. J. Weston et al. (Volume 23, Number 13)
E. J. Weston et al. (Volume 23, Number 13)
Capacity Development through the US President’s Malaria Initiative–Supported Antimalarial Resistance Monitoring in Africa Network
E. S. Halsey et al. (Volume 23, Number 13)
E. S. Halsey et al. (Volume 23, Number 13)
Characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes from Animal Clinical Specimens, Spain
A. Vela et al. (Volume 23, Number 12)
A. Vela et al. (Volume 23, Number 12)
High Rate of MCR-1–Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among Pigs, Portugal
N. Kieffer et al. (Volume 23, Number 12)
N. Kieffer et al. (Volume 23, Number 12)
Phylogenetic Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Hospitalized Children, Pakistan
H. Ejaz et al. (Volume 23, Number 11)
H. Ejaz et al. (Volume 23, Number 11)
Polyclonal Pulmonary Tuberculosis Infections and Risk for Multidrug Resistance, Lima, Peru
R. R. Nathavitharana et al. (Volume 23, Number 11)
R. R. Nathavitharana et al. (Volume 23, Number 11)
High-Level Fosfomycin Resistance in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium
Y. Guo et al. (Volume 23, Number 11)
Y. Guo et al. (Volume 23, Number 11)
Weather-Dependent Risk for Legionnaires’ Disease, United States
J. E. Simmering et al. (Volume 23, Number 11)
J. E. Simmering et al. (Volume 23, Number 11)
bla–Encoding Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 Lineage C1-M27 Clone in Clinical Isolates, Germany
H. Ghosh et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
H. Ghosh et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
Carbapenemase VCC-1–Producing Vibrio cholerae in Coastal Waters of Germany
J. A. Hammerl et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
J. A. Hammerl et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
Six-Month Response to Delamanid Treatment in MDR TB Patients
C. Hewison et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
C. Hewison et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
Bedaquiline and Linezolid for Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Pregnant Woman
M. Jaspard et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
M. Jaspard et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
Macrolide-Resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection, Japan, 2008–2015
T. Tanaka et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
T. Tanaka et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
Bedaquiline and Delamanid Combination Treatment of 5 Patients with Pulmonary Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
A. Maryandyshev et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
A. Maryandyshev et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
Off-Label Use of Bedaquiline in Children and Adolescents with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
J. Achar et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
J. Achar et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
Enteric Infections Circulating during Hajj Seasons, 2011–2013
M. Abd El Ghany et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
M. Abd El Ghany et al. (Volume 23, Number 10)
Antimicrobial Drug–Resistant Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli Infections, Michigan, USA
S. Mukherjee et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
S. Mukherjee et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae and Nonfermentative Bacteria, the Philippines, 2013–2016
J. Velasco et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
J. Velasco et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
Emergence of Plasmid-Mediated Fosfomycin-Resistance Genes among Escherichia coli Isolates, France
Y. Benzerara et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
Y. Benzerara et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
Epidemiology of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Gyrase A Genotype, Los Angeles, California, USA
A. A. Bhatti et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
A. A. Bhatti et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
Cost of Nosocomial Outbreak Caused by NDM-1–Containing Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Netherlands, October 2015–January 2016
M. Mollers et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
M. Mollers et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
Molecular Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Northern Territory, Australia
D. M. Whiley et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
D. M. Whiley et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serotype Dublin Infections among Humans, United States, 1968–2013
R. Harvey et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
R. Harvey et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
Bioinformatic Analyses of Whole-Genome Sequence Data in a Public Health Laboratory
K. F. Oakeson et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
K. F. Oakeson et al. (Volume 23, Number 9)
mcr-1 and bla in Escherichia coli Sequence Type 744 after Meropenem and Colistin Therapy, Portugal
M. Tacão et al. (Volume 23, Number 8)
M. Tacão et al. (Volume 23, Number 8)
Clonal Expansion of New Penicillin-Resistant Clade of Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup W Clonal Complex 11, Australia
S. Mowlaboccus et al. (Volume 23, Number 8)
S. Mowlaboccus et al. (Volume 23, Number 8)
Human Infection with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus, China
C. Ke et al. (Volume 23, Number 8)
C. Ke et al. (Volume 23, Number 8)
Locally Acquired mcr-1 in Escherichia coli, Australia, 2011 and 2013
J. A. Ellem et al. (Volume 23, Number 7)
J. A. Ellem et al. (Volume 23, Number 7)
Rapid Detection of Polymyxin Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae
P. Nordmann et al. (2017 Volume 23, Number 6)
P. Nordmann et al. (2017 Volume 23, Number 6)
High MICs for Vancomycin and Daptomycin and Complicated Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections with Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
R. San-Juan et al. (2017 Volume 23, Number 6)
R. San-Juan et al. (2017 Volume 23, Number 6)
Shigella Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Mechanisms, 2004–2014
M. Nüesch-Inderbinen et al. (2017 Volume 23, Number 6)
M. Nüesch-Inderbinen et al. (2017 Volume 23, Number 6)
Hemolysis after Oral Artemisinin Combination Therapy for Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
Plasmodium falciparum In Vitro Resistance to Monodesethylamodiaquine, Dakar, Senegal, 2014
B. Fall et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
B. Fall et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
Expansion of Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli by Use of Bovine Antibiotic Growth Promoters
J. Kim et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
J. Kim et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
Fatal Septicemia Linked to Transmission of MRSA Clonal Complex 398 in Hospital and Nursing Home, Denmark
R. Nielsen et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
R. Nielsen et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
Malaria Hyperendemicity and Risk for Artemisinin Resistance among Illegal Gold Miners, French Guiana
V. Pommier de Santi et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
V. Pommier de Santi et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
Community-Associated MRSA Infection in Remote Amazon Basin Area, Peru
C. García et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
C. García et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
Technological Solutions to Address Drug-Resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae
C. C. Bristow et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
C. C. Bristow et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 5)
Determinants and Drivers of Infectious Disease Threat Events in Europe
J. C. Semenza et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 4)
J. C. Semenza et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 4)
Limited Dissemination of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase– and Plasmid-Encoded AmpC–Producing Escherichia coli from Food and Farm Animals, Sweden
S. Börjesson et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 4)
S. Börjesson et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 4)
Microevolution of Monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium during Epidemic, United Kingdom, 2005–2010
L. Petrovska et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 4)
L. Petrovska et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 4)
Shiga Toxin 1–Producing Shigella sonnei Infections, California, United States, 2014–2015
K. Lamba et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 4)
K. Lamba et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 4)
Use of Transnational Services to Prevent Treatment Interruption in Tuberculosis-Infected Persons Who Leave the United States
C. A. Tschampl et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
C. A. Tschampl et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
Decreased Time to Treatment Initiation for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Patients after Use of Xpert MTB/RIF Test, Latvia
H. R. Stagg et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
H. R. Stagg et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
Preliminary Favorable Outcome for Medically and Surgically Managed Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, France, 2009–2014
B. Henry et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
B. Henry et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
Depictions of Heroism in Battle and Anguish from Tuberculosis
T. L. Chorba and B. Breedlove (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
T. L. Chorba and B. Breedlove (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
Global Progress and Challenges in Implementing New Medications for Treating Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
J. Furin et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
J. Furin et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
Global Introduction of New Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Drugs—Balancing Regulation with Urgent Patient Needs
T. Sullivan and Y. Ben Amor (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
T. Sullivan and Y. Ben Amor (2016 Volume 22, Number 3)
Population Effects of Influenza A(H1N1) Pandemic among Health Plan Members, San Diego, California, USA, October–December 2009
R. Bitar (2016 Volume 22, Number 2)
R. Bitar (2016 Volume 22, Number 2)
Importation of Fosfomycin Resistance fosA3 Gene to Europe
A. C. Mendes et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 2)
A. C. Mendes et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 2)
Waterborne Elizabethkingia meningoseptica in Adult Critical Care
L. Moore et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
L. Moore et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
Rapid Emergence and Clonal Dissemination of CTX-M-15–Producing Salmonella enterica Serotype Virchow, South Korea
J. Kim et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
J. Kim et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
Increased Risk for ESBL-Producing Bacteria from Co-administration of Loperamide and Antimicrobial Drugs for Travelers’ Diarrhea
A. Kantele et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
A. Kantele et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
Decline in Decreased Cephalosporin Susceptibility and Increase in Azithromycin Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Canada
I. Martin et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
I. Martin et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
New Clinical Strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with Decreased Susceptibility to Ceftriaxone, Japan
T. Deguchi et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
T. Deguchi et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
Azole Resistance of Aspergillus fumigatus in Immunocompromised Patients with Invasive Aspergillosis
A. Alanio et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
A. Alanio et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
Multiple Fungicide-Driven Alterations in Azole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus, Colombia, 2015
P. Le Pape et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
P. Le Pape et al. (2016 Volume 22, Number 1)
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Prevalence among Captive Chimpanzees, Texas, USA, 2012
P. W. Hanley et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 12)
P. W. Hanley et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 12)
CTX-M-15–Producing Escherichia coli in Dolphin, Portugal
V. Manageiro et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 12)
V. Manageiro et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 12)
Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Children, United States, 1999–2012
L. K. Logan et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
L. K. Logan et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
USA300 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, United States, 2000–2013
M. Carrel et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
M. Carrel et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
Serotype Changes and Drug Resistance in Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases in Adults after Vaccinations in Children, Japan, 2010–2013
K. Ubukata et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11
K. Ubukata et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11
Fosfomycin Resistance in Escherichia coli, Pennsylvania, USA
H. Alrowais et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
H. Alrowais et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
RmtC and RmtF 16S rRNA Methyltransferase in NDM-1–Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa
M. Rahman et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
M. Rahman et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
Epidemiology of Primary Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Vladimir Region, Russia
J. V. Ershova et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
J. V. Ershova et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Child Successfully Treated with 9-Month Drug Regimen
J. Achar et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
J. Achar et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
Co-infection with Drug-Susceptible and Reactivated Latent Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
L. Pérez-Lago et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
L. Pérez-Lago et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 11)
Electronic Public Health Registry of Extensively Drug-Resistant Organisms, Illinois, USA
W. E. Trick et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 10)
W. E. Trick et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 10)
Induction of Multidrug Tolerance in Plasmodium falciparum by Extended Artemisinin Pressure
S. Ménard et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 10)
S. Ménard et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 10)
Methicillin-Susceptible, Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Brazil
D. Panesso et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 10)
D. Panesso et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 10)
Use of Pneumococcal Disease Epidemiology to Set Policy and Prevent Disease during 20 Years of the Emerging Infections Program
M. R. Moore and C. G. Whitney (2015 Volume 21, Number 9)
M. R. Moore and C. G. Whitney (2015 Volume 21, Number 9)
Emerging Infections Program—State Health Department Perspective
J. L. Hadler et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 9)
J. L. Hadler et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 9)
Improved Phenotype-Based Definition for Identifying Carbapenemase Producers among Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae
N. Chea et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 9)
N. Chea et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 9)
Evaluating Epidemiology and Improving Surveillance of Infections Associated with Health Care, United States
S. S. Magill et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 9)
S. S. Magill et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 9)
Emerging Infections Program as Surveillance for Antimicrobial Drug Resistance
S. K. Fridkin et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 9)
S. K. Fridkin et al. (2015 Volume 21, Number 9)
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