viernes, 23 de junio de 2017

Spotlight on landmark oncology trials

Spotlight on landmark oncology trials

Biomed Central

Spotlight on landmark oncology trials

Landmark oncology trials  © Wikimedia Commons (Calleamanecer)
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease with no single treatment that is successful across all cancer types. Identification of specific genetic changes in some cancer types has been crucial in improving therapy outcomes, as it has allowed individualized targeted therapy, broadly called ‘precision medicine’. Together with the other characteristics of a tumour, like location, volume, or spread, genetic factors dictate feasible therapeutic options, which range from surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, to novel targeted agents and immunotherapy. With treatment resistance being a wide-spread issue, the most promising solution seems to be the use of combination therapy with different drugs or even treatment modalities.
However, before a therapeutic approach may reach patients, it needs to go through a rigorous approval process based on the assessment of safety and side-effects. Randomized controlled trials offer the highest level of evidence thanks to the high-quality study design and assigning patients randomly to treatment arms to minimise the bias.
A large number of ongoing clinical trials in various oncology settings will likely change the landscape of cancer therapy even more. The studies of the highest impact, called ‘landmark trials’, significantly change the current clinical practice, challenge the current knowledge or provide the ‘missing link’ evidence that complete our understanding.
This special article collection in BMC Medicine reflects the diversity seen in cancer therapy landscape and includes carefully selected articles from invited experts on oncology landmark trials that had the most substantial influence on the clinical practice or provided some critical evidence that enhanced our understanding in this field. It also features current topics in the trial design.
  1. MINIREVIEW

    Successes and failures: what did we learn from recent first-line treatment immunotherapy trials in non-small cell lung cancer?

    Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly modified the therapeutic landscape of advanced non-small cell lung cancer in second-line settings, with a more recent advancement in first-line settings. Given t...
    Jordi Remon, Benjamin Besse and Jean-Charles Soria
    BMC Medicine 2017 15:55
    Published on: 13 March 2017
    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Medicine 2017 15:82
  2. MINIREVIEW

    Advances in immunotherapy for melanoma

    In recent years, the introduction and Federal Drug Administration approval of immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies has dramatically improved the clinical outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma. These a...
    Jason M. Redman, Geoffrey T. Gibney and Michael B. Atkins
    BMC Medicine 2016 14:20
    Published on: 6 February 2016

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