lunes, 26 de noviembre de 2018

Incidence of cardiovascular disease in familial combined hyperlipidemia: A 15-year follow-up study. - PubMed - NCBI

2018 Nov 8;280:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2018.11.013. [Epub ahead of print]

Incidence of cardiovascular disease in familial combined hyperlipidemia: A 15-year follow-up study.

Luijten J1, van Greevenbroek MMJ2, Schaper NC3, Meex SJR4, van der Steen C1, Meijer LJ1, de Boer D4, de Graaf J5, Stehouwer CDA2, Brouwers MCGJ6.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:

Familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL) is a complex dyslipidemia associated with premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study was conducted to 1) determine the incidence of CVD in FCHL in this era of protocolled, primary prevention; and 2) examine whether cardiovascular risk estimation based on the Systemic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORE) chart, as proposed in the 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia, is justified in FCHL.

METHODS:

FCHL patients, their normolipidemic (NL) relatives and spouses originally included in our baseline cohort in 1998-2005 (n = 596) were invited for a follow-up visit to determine the incidence of CVD, defined as (non-)fatal coronary artery disease, ischemic stroke and peripheral artery disease requiring invasive treatment.

RESULTS:

Follow-up data (median: 15 years) was acquired for 85% of the original cohort. The cumulative incidence of CVD was significantly higher in FCHL patients than in spouses (23.6% versus 4.7%; hazard ratio (HR): 5.4, 95%CI: 2.0-14.6; HR after adjustment for risk factors included in SCORE: 4.7, 95%CI: 1.6-13.8), but not in NL relatives compared to spouses (5.8% versus 4.7%). The SCORE chart tended to overestimate CVD risk in the spouses (observed [O]/expected [E] ratio:0.2, p = 0.01), but not in FCHL patients (O/E:1.3, p = 0.50).

CONCLUSIONS:

Risk of primary CVD is still substantially increased in FCHL patients, despite preventive measures. The overestimation of CVD risk by the SCORE chart - a nowadays frequently observed phenomenon thanks to improved primary prevention - was not seen in FCHL. These results suggest that more aggressive treatment is justified to avoid excessive CVD in FCHL.