Zika virus in the Americas: Early epidemiological and genetic findings. - PubMed - NCBI
Science. 2016 Apr 15;352(6283):345-9. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf5036. Epub 2016 Mar 24.
Zika virus in the Americas: Early epidemiological and genetic findings.
Faria NR1,
Azevedo Rdo S2,
Kraemer MU3,
Souza R4,
Cunha MS4,
Hill SC3,
Thézé J3,
Bonsall MB3,
Bowden TA5,
Rissanen I5,
Rocco IM4,
Nogueira JS4,
Maeda AY4,
Vasami FG4,
Macedo FL4,
Suzuki A4,
Rodrigues SG2,
Cruz AC2,
Nunes BT2,
Medeiros DB2,
Rodrigues DS2,
Nunes Queiroz AL2,
da Silva EV2,
Henriques DF2,
Travassos da Rosa ES2,
de Oliveira CS2,
Martins LC2,
Vasconcelos HB2,
Casseb LM2,
Simith Dde B2,
Messina JP6,
Abade L3,
Lourenço J3,
Carlos Junior Alcantara L7,
de Lima MM8,
Giovanetti M7,
Hay SI9,
de Oliveira RS10,
Lemos Pda S10,
de Oliveira LF10,
de Lima CP10,
da Silva SP10,
de Vasconcelos JM10,
Franco L10,
Cardoso JF10,
Vianez-Júnior JL10,
Mir D11,
Bello G11,
Delatorre E11,
Khan K12,
Creatore M13,
Coelho GE14,
de Oliveira WK14,
Tesh R15,
Pybus OG16,
Nunes MR17,
Vasconcelos PF18.
Abstract
Brazil has experienced an unprecedented epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV), with ~30,000 cases reported to date. ZIKV was first detected in Brazil in May 2015, and cases of microcephaly potentially associated with ZIKV infection were identified in November 2015. We performed next-generation sequencing to generate seven Brazilian ZIKV genomes sampled from four self-limited cases, one blood donor, one fatal adult case, and one newborn with microcephaly and congenital malformations. Results of phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses show a single introduction of ZIKV into the Americas, which we estimated to have occurred between May and December 2013, more than 12 months before the detection of ZIKV in Brazil. The estimated date of origin coincides with an increase in air passengers to Brazil from ZIKV-endemic areas, as well as with reported outbreaks in the Pacific Islands. ZIKV genomes from Brazil are phylogenetically interspersed with those from other South American and Caribbean countries. Mapping mutations onto existing structural models revealed the context of viral amino acid changes present in the outbreak lineage; however, no shared amino acid changes were found among the three currently available virus genomes from microcephaly cases. Municipality-level incidence data indicate that reports of suspected microcephaly in Brazil best correlate with ZIKV incidence around week 17 of pregnancy, although this correlation does not demonstrate causation. Our genetic description and analysis of ZIKV isolates in Brazil provide a baseline for future studies of the evolution and molecular epidemiology of this emerging virus in the Americas. Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
- [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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