Plasma Cell Neoplasms (Including Multiple Myeloma) Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version

SECTIONS

Changes to This Summary (03/16/2018)

The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.

General Information About Plasma Cell Neoplasms

Added text to state that at diagnosis, whole-body positron emission tomography scan or magnetic resonance imaging of the total spine and pelvis appears equally efficacious in the detection of bone lesions (cited Moreau et al. as reference 14).

Added Misawa et al. as reference 55.

Treatment for Multiple Myeloma

Added text to the list of unresolved questions about multiple myeloma to state that the assessment of minimal residual disease is mandatory for the assessment of efficacy in clinical trials (cited Kumar et al. and Lahuerta et al. as references 11 and 12, respectively) and to ask if this testing outside of the trial setting yields meaningful clinical improvement in patient outcomes by informing about selection or duration of therapy.

Added Dimopoulos et al. as reference 38.

Revised text to state that more than 6 months after completion of bortezomib induction therapy, bortezomib can be applied again with a 40% overall response rate, according to a meta-analysis of 23 phase II studies (cited Knopf et al. as reference 67).

Revised text to state that in a prospective, randomized trial of 929 patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, carfilzomib and dexamethasone were compared with bortezomib and dexamethasone (cited Dimopoulos et al. as reference 68 and level of evidence 1iiA). Also added that with a median follow-up of about 37 months, the median overall survival was 47.6 months for the carfilzomib combination compared with 40.0 months for the bortezomib combination.

Revised text to state that in a prospective, randomized trial involving 722 patients with refractory or resistant myeloma, the oral proteosome inhibitor ixazomib combined with lenalidomide and dexamethasone was compared with a placebo with lenalidomide and dexamethasone only; also revised statistical data about the median follow-up of 2 years, which showed that the median progression-free survival favored the ixazomib group.

Added Salvage autologous bone marrow or peripheral stem cell transplantation after relapse from first transplantation as a new subsection.

Refractory Multiple Myeloma

Added Mikkilineni et al. as reference 5.

This summary is written and maintained by the PDQ Adult Treatment Editorial Board, which is editorially independent of NCI. The summary reflects an independent review of the literature and does not represent a policy statement of NCI or NIH. More information about summary policies and the role of the PDQ Editorial Boards in maintaining the PDQ summaries can be found on the About This PDQ Summary and PDQ® - NCI's Comprehensive Cancer Database pages.

< Previous section
Key References for Plasma Cell Neoplasms (Including Multiple Myeloma)

Next section >
About This PDQ Summary