jueves, 25 de agosto de 2016

Dictionary of Cancer Terms

Dictionary of Cancer Terms



National Cancer Institute

immune checkpoint inhibitor (ih-MYOON CHEK-poynt in-HIH-bih-ter)
A type of drug that blocks certain proteins made by some types of immune system cells, such as T cells, and some cancer cells. These proteins help keep immune responses in check and can keep T cells from killing cancer cells. When these proteins are blocked, the “brakes” on the immune system are released and T cells are able to kill cancer cells better. Examples of checkpoint proteins found on T cells or cancer cells include PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4/B7-1/B7-2. Some immune checkpoint inhibitors are used to treat cancer.




Immune checkpoint inhibitor; the panel on the left shows the binding of proteins PD-L1 (on the tumor cell) to PD-1 (on the T cell), which keeps T cells from killing tumor cells in the body. Also shown are a tumor cell antigen and T cell receptor. The panel on the right shows immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-L1 and anti-PD-1) blocking the binding of PD-L1 to PD-1, which allows the T cells to kill tumor cells.





Immune checkpoint inhibitor; the panel on the left shows the binding of proteins B7-1/B7-2 (on the tumor cell) to CTLA-4 (on the T cell), which keeps T cells from killing tumor cells in the body. Also shown are a tumor cell antigen and T cell receptor. The panel on the right shows immune checkpoint inhibitors (anti-B7-1/B7-2 and anti-CTLA-4) blocking the binding of B7-1/B7-2 to CTLA-4, which allows the T cells to kill tumor cells.
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