Functional germline variants in driver genes of breast cancer.

Göhler S1, Da Silva Filho MI2, Johansson R3, Enquist-Olsson K4, Henriksson R3,5, Hemminki K2,6, Lenner P3, Försti A2,6.

Author information

Abstract

PURPOSE:

Germline mutations in tumour suppressor genes cause various cancers. These genes are also somatically mutated in sporadic tumours. We hypothesized that there may also be cancer-related germline variants in the genes commonly mutated in sporadic breast tumours.

METHODS:

After excluding the well-characterized breast cancer (BC) genes, we screened 15 novel genes consistently classified as BC driver genes in next-generation sequencing approaches for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Altogether 40 SNPs located in the core promoter, 5'- and 3'-UTR or which were nonsynonymous SNPs were genotyped in 782 Swedish incident BC cases and 1,559 matched controls. After statistical analyses, further evaluations related to functional prediction and signatures of selection were performed.

RESULTS:

TBX3 was associated with BC risk (rs2242442: OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.64-0.92, dominant model) and with less aggressive tumour characteristics. An association with BC survival and aggressive tumour characteristics was detected for the genes ATR (rs2227928: HR = 1.63; 95% CI 1.00-2.64, dominant model), RUNX1 (rs17227210: HR = 3.50, 95% CI 1.42-8.61, recessive model) and TTN (rs2303838: HR = 2.36; 95% CI 1.04-5.39; rs2042996: HR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.19-4.37, recessive model). According to the experimental ENCODE data all these SNPs themselves or SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium with them (r 2 ≥ 0.80) were located in regulatory regions. RUNX1 and TTN showed also several signatures of positive selection.

CONCLUSION:

The study gave evidence that germline variants in BC driver genes may have impact on BC risk and/or survival. Future studies could discover further germline variants in known or so far unknown driver genes which contribute to cancer development.

KEYWORDS:

Breast cancer; Case–control study; Driver genes; Germline variants; Single nucleotide polymorphism

PMID:: 28238063
DOI:: 10.1007/s10552-017-0849-3

From HuGE Literature Finder Database

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