CTX-M-27–Producing Escherichia coli of Sequence Type 131 and Clade C1-M27, France

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To the Editor: We read with great interest the Matsumura et al. paper describing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) CTX-M-27–producing Escherichia coli of sequence type (ST) 131 clonal group, an emerging clade called C1-M27 (1). ST131 E. coli having blaCTX-M-27 has been described in several countries. We observed an alarming increase of this clonal group in the fecal carriage of children in France (0% in 2010 to 65% in 2015 among ESBL-producing ST131 E. coli) (2).

We wondered whether this clonal group’s expansion in France was attributable to the same clade (C1-M27). For that, we designed primers (M27PP1-B-F, 5′-TTACTCCGACTATGCGTTCAC-3′; M27PP1-B-R, 5′-CAAACTTGCCCCTGATAGCG-3′; amplicon length, 1.5 kb) to amplify the insertion site of the structure comprising the direct repeat and prophage-like genomic island of E. coli PCN033, as previously described (1). PCR was performed on our recently described collection of 39 ESBL-producing ST131 E. coli, including 16 CTX-M-27–producing E. coli: 13 of subgroup O25b with fimH30 allele and 3 of O16 subgroup with fimH41 allele (2). Results showed that 81% (13/16) of the CTX-M-27–producing E. coli ST131 had the M27PP1 structure, similar to strain PCN033, and thus belong to the C1-M27 clade. Therefore, the C1-M27 clade found in Asia and America is also present in Europe in the fecal flora of young children. The 3 isolates belonging to the O16 subgroup with fimH41 lacked M27PP1, suggesting that blaCTX-M-27 might diffuse among non-H30 ST131 E. coli without this prophage-like genomic island. Finally, the non–CTX-M-27–producing ST131 E. coli of our collection were negative for M27PP1 elements.

Our results show that CTX-M-27–producing E. coli ST131 subgroup O25b with fimH30 allele (one third of the ESBL-producing ST131 carriage isolates) isolated from children in France belong to C1-M27 and that CTX-M-27–producing O16 strains display distinct genetic characteristics. Altogether, our data confirm the worldwide distribution of C1-M27 and its high prevalence in children in France.

André Birgy, Philippe Bidet, Corinne Levy, Elsa Sobral, Robert Cohen, and Stéphane Bonacorsi

Author affiliations: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France (A. Birgy, P. Bidet, S. Bonacorsi); Université Paris Diderot, Paris (A. Birgy, P. Bidet, S. Bonacorsi); Hôpital Universitaire Robert-Debré, Paris (A. Birgy, P. Bidet, S. Bonacorsi); Association Clinique Thérapeutique Infantile du Val de Marne, Saint Maur des Fossés, France (C. Levy, E. Sobral, R. Cohen); Groupe de Pathologie Infectieuse Pédiatrique, Paris (C. Levy, R. Cohen); Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France (C. Levy, R. Cohen); Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil (C. Levy, R. Cohen)

References

Matsumura Y, Pitout JDD, Gomi R, Matsuda T, Noguchi T, Yamamoto M, et al. Global Escherichia coli sequence type 131 clade with blaCTX-M-27 gene.Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22:1900–7. DOI PubMed
Birgy A, Levy C, Bidet P, Thollot F, Derkx V, Béchet S, et al. ESBL-producing Escherichia coli ST131 versus non-ST131: evolution and risk factors of carriage among French children in the community between 2010 and 2015. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2016;71:2949–56. DOI PubMed

Suggested citation for this article: Birgy A, Bidet P, Levy C, Sobral E, Cohen R, Bonacorsi S. CTX-M-27–producing Escherichia coli of sequence type 131 and clade C1-M27, France. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017 May [date cited]. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2304.161865

DOI: 10.3201/eid2305.161865