Reviews from Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research
- REVIEW
Deptor: not only a mTOR inhibitor
Deptor is an important protein that belongs to the mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes, able to interact with mTOR and to inhibit its kinase activity. As a natural mTOR inhibitor, Deptor is involved in several molecul...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2017 36:12Published on: 13 January 2017 - REVIEW
Sirtuins in metabolism, DNA repair and cancer
The mammalian sirtuin family has attracted tremendous attention over the past few years as stress adaptors and post-translational modifier. They have involved in diverse cellular processes including DNA repair...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:182Published on: 5 December 2016 - REVIEW
Patient-derived xenografts: a relevant preclinical model for drug development
Identifying appropriate preclinical cancer models remains a major challenge in increasing the efficiency of drug development. A potential strategy to improve patient outcomes could be selecting the ‘right’ tre...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:189Published on: 5 December 2016 - REVIEW
Use of poly ADP-ribose polymerase [PARP] inhibitors in cancer cells bearing DDR defects: the rationale for their inclusion in the clinic
DNA damage response (DDR) defects imply genomic instability and favor tumor progression but make the cells vulnerable to the pharmacological inhibition of the DNA repairing enzymes. Targeting cellular proteins...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:179Published on: 24 November 2016 - REVIEW
Signalling pathways in UHRF1-dependent regulation of tumor suppressor genes in cancer
Epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) through DNA methylation and histone changes is a main hallmark of cancer. Ubiquitin-like with PHD and RING Finger domains 1 (UHRF1) is a potent oncogene overe...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:174Published on: 14 November 2016 - REVIEW
From pathogenesis to clinical application: insights into exosomes as transfer vectors in cancer
Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular membrane vesicles that are created by the fusion of an intracellular multivesicular body with the cell membrane. They are widely distributed in serum, urine, saliva and oth...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:156Published on: 29 September 2016 - REVIEW
Trends and advances in tumor immunology and lung cancer immunotherapy
Among several types of tumor, lung cancer is considered one of the most fatal and still the main cause of cancer-related deaths. Although chemotherapeutic agents can improve survival and quality of life compar...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:157Published on: 29 September 2016 - REVIEW
Cell cycle checkpoint in cancer: a therapeutically targetable double-edged sword
Major currently used anticancer therapeutics either directly damage DNA or target and upset basic cell division mechanisms like DNA replication and chromosome segregation. These insults elicit activation of ce...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:153Published on: 27 September 2016 - REVIEW
β-arrestin1 at the cross-road of endothelin-1 signaling in cancer
The advent of targeted therapeutics in human cancer has begun to find novel druggable targets and, in this context, the endothelin-1 receptor (ET-1R), namely ETA receptor (ETAR) and ETB receptor, among the GPCR f...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:121Published on: 29 July 2016 - REVIEW
Nerve growth factor: role in growth, differentiation and controlling cancer cell development
Recent progress in the Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) research has shown that this factor acts not only outside its classical domain of the peripheral and central nervous system, but also on non-neuronal and cancer...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:116Published on: 21 July 2016 - REVIEW
First-line therapy in HER2 positive metastatic breast cancer: is the mosaic fully completed or are we missing additional pieces?
The discovery of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and its role in the biology of breast cancer and the subsequent development of HER2-targeted therapies, have dramatically improved clinical outc...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:104Published on: 30 June 2016 - REVIEW
Targeting microRNAs as key modulators of tumor immune response
The role of immune response is emerging as a key factor in the complex multistep process of cancer. Tumor microenvironment contains different types of immune cells, which contribute to regulate the fine balanc...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:103Published on: 27 June 2016 - REVIEW
Yin Yang 1 is associated with cancer stem cell transcription factors (SOX2, OCT4, BMI1) and clinical implication
The transcription factor Yin Yang 1 (YY1) is frequently overexpressed in cancerous tissues compared to normal tissues and has regulatory roles in cell proliferation, cell viability, epithelial-mesenchymal tran...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:84Published on: 25 May 2016 - REVIEW
Dysregulation of microRNA biogenesis in cancer: the impact of mutant p53 on Drosha complex activity
A widespread decrease of mature microRNAs is often observed in human malignancies giving them potential to act as tumor suppressors. Thus, microRNAs may be potential targets for cancer therapy. The global miRN...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:45Published on: 12 March 2016 - REVIEW
MicroRNAs in colorectal carcinoma - from pathogenesis to therapy
Acting as inflammatory mediators, tumor oncogenes or suppressors, microRNAs are involved in cell survival, death, epithelial–mesenchymal transition and metastasis, etc. Investigating the communication between ...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:43Published on: 10 March 2016 - REVIEW
Targeting autophagy to sensitive glioma to temozolomide treatment
Temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent, is widely used for treating primary and recurrent high-grade gliomas. However, the efficacy of TMZ is often limited by the development of resistance. Recently, studies ...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:23Published on: 2 February 2016 - REVIEW
Anti-tumor effects of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF): implication for cancer therapy. A mini-review
Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a secreted glycoprotein and a non-inhibitory member of the serine protease inhibitor (serpin) family. It is widely expressed in human fetal and adult tissues but its...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:4Published on: 8 January 2016 - REVIEW
Molecular targeted therapy for the treatment of gastric cancer
Despite the global decline in the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer, it remains one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system. Although surgical resection is the preferred treatment f...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2016 35:1Published on: 4 January 2016 - REVIEW
New trends for overcoming ABCG2/BCRP-mediated resistance to cancer therapies
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters make up a superfamily of transmembrane proteins that play a critical role in the development of drug resistance. This phenomenon is especially important in oncology, whe...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2015 34:159Published on: 30 December 2015 - REVIEW
Metabolic reprogramming: the emerging concept and associated therapeutic strategies
Tumor tissue is composed of cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells with diverse genetic/epigenetic backgrounds, a situation known as intra-tumoral heterogeneity. Cancer cells are surrounded by a totally di...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2015 34:111Published on: 6 October 2015 - REVIEW
Proton pump inhibitors for the treatment of cancer in companion animals
The treatment of cancer presents a clinical challenge both in human and veterinary medicine. Chemotherapy protocols require the use of toxic drugs that are not always specific, do not selectively target cancer...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2015 34:93Published on: 4 September 2015 - REVIEW
Mutation status concordance between primary lesions and metastatic sites of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and the impact of mutation testing methodologies: a literature review
Increased understanding of the genetic aetiology of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) has facilitated personalised therapies that target specific molecular aberrations associated with the disease. B...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2015 34:92Published on: 4 September 2015 - REVIEW
A fresh look at zebrafish from the perspective of cancer research
Zebrafish represent a vertebrate model organism that has been widely, and increasingly, employed over the last decade in the study of developmental processes, wound healing, microbe-host interactions, and drug...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2015 34:80Published on: 12 August 2015 - REVIEW
Signaling by exosomal microRNAs in cancer
A class of small non-coding RNAs, the microRNAs (miRNAs), have recently attracted great attention in cancer research since they play a central role in regulation of gene-expression and miRNA aberrant expressio...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2015 34:32Published on: 2 April 2015 - REVIEW
Dual effect of oxidative stress on leukemia cancer induction and treatment
Oxidative stress (OS) has been characterized by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a biological system’s ability to repair oxidative damage or to neutralize the reactive i...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2014 33:106Published on: 18 December 2014 - REVIEW
Progress in oncolytic virotherapy for the treatment of thyroid malignant neoplasm
Thyroid malignant neoplasm develops from follicular or parafollicular thyroid cells. A higher proportion of anaplastic thyroid cancer has an adverse prognosis. New drugs are being used in clinical treatment. H...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2014 33:91Published on: 1 November 2014 - REVIEW
P68 RNA helicase as a molecular target for cancer therapy
The DEAD-box family of RNA helicase is known to be required in virtually all cellular processes involving RNA, and p68 is a prototypic one of the family. Reports have indicated that in addition to ATPase and R...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2014 33:64Published on: 24 August 2014 - REVIEW
Central role of Snail1 in the regulation of EMT and resistance in cancer: a target for therapeutic intervention
Snail1 is the founding member of the Snail superfamily of zinc-finger transcription factors, which also includes Snail2 (Slug) and Snail3 (Smuc). The superfamily is involved in cell differentiation and surviva...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2014 33:62Published on: 2 August 2014 - REVIEW
Multiple functions of hypoxia-regulated miR-210 in cancer
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. miRNAs can be induced by a variety of stresses such as hypoxia, and are involved in diverse biological processe...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2014 33:50Published on: 9 June 2014 - REVIEW
Hepatic arterial embolization in patients with neuroendocrine tumors
Liver metastases occur in 46-93% of patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). Presence and extension of liver metastases are considered important prognostic factors, as they may significantly impair the p...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2014 33:43Published on: 19 May 2014 - REVIEW
Direct effects of metformin in the endometrium: a hypothetical mechanism for the treatment of women with PCOS and endometrial carcinoma
Although a number of in vitro studies have demonstrated the antiproliferative, anti-invasive, and antimetastatic effects of metformin in multiple cancer cell types, its cellular and molecular mechanisms of ant...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2014 33:41Published on: 11 May 2014 - REVIEW
The multiple facets of drug resistance: one history, different approaches
Some cancers like melanoma and pancreatic and ovarian cancers, for example, commonly display resistance to chemotherapy, and this is the major obstacle to a better prognosis of patients. Frequently, literature...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2014 33:37Published on: 28 April 2014 - REVIEW
Immunologic treatments for precancerous lesions and uterine cervical cancer
Development of HPV-associated cancers not only depends on efficient negative regulation of cell cycle control that supports the accumulation of genetic damage, but also relies on immune evasion that enable the...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2014 33:29Published on: 26 March 2014 - REVIEW
Clinical pharmacology of tyrosine kinase inhibitors becoming generic drugs: the regulatory perspective
Over the last decades, billions have been spent and huge efforts have been taken in basic and clinical cancer research [CA Cancer J Clin 63: 11-30]. About a decade ago, the arms race between drugs and cancer cell...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2014 33:15Published on: 7 February 2014 - REVIEW
Bcl-2 expression predicts sensitivity to chemotherapy in breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Numerous studies have yielded inconclusive results regarding the relationship between anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 expression and the sensitivity to chemotherapy in the patients with breast cancer. The purpose...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2013 32:105Published on: 27 December 2013 - REVIEW
Regulation of microRNAs by epigenetics and their interplay involved in cancer
Similar to protein-coding genes, miRNAs are also susceptible to epigenetic modulation. Although numerous miRNAs have been shown to be affected by DNA methylation, the regulatory mechanism of histone modificati...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2013 32:96Published on: 22 November 2013 - REVIEW
Rechallenge therapy and treatment holiday: different strategies in management of metastatic colorectal cancer
Fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatin, irinotecan and biologic therapies (Bevacizumab, Panitumumab, and Cetuximab) represent the backbone of metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. The improvement in survival f...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2013 32:92Published on: 18 November 2013 - REVIEW
Breast cancer follow-up strategies in randomized phase III adjuvant clinical trials: a systematic review
The effectiveness of different breast cancer follow-up procedures to decrease breast cancer mortality are still an object of debate, even if intensive follow-up by imaging modalities is not recommended by inte...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2013 32:89Published on: 11 November 2013 - REVIEW
Emerging role of cancer stem cells in the biology and treatment of ovarian cancer: basic knowledge and therapeutic possibilities for an innovative approach
In 2013 there will be an estimated 22,240 new diagnoses and 14,030 deaths from ovarian cancer in the United States. Despite the improved surgical approach and the novel active drugs that are available today in...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2013 32:48Published on: 1 August 2013 - REVIEW
Breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) predict clinical outcome in platinum- and toxal-based chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients: a system review and meta-analysis
The recent studies have evaluated the relationship between BRCA1 expression and clinical outcome of chemotherapy (mainly focused on platinum-based and toxal-based treatment) in NSCLC patients, but the results wer...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2013 32:15Published on: 15 March 2013 - REVIEW
Prognostic significance of Cdx2 immunohistochemical expression in gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of published literatures
Cdx2 is a homeobox domain-containing transcription factor that is important in the development and differentiation of the intestinal cells, and served as a potential biomarker of tumor progression in early int...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2012 31:98Published on: 26 November 2012 - REVIEW
Updates on HIPK2: a resourceful oncosuppressor for clearing cancer
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) is a multitalented protein that exploits its kinase activity to modulate key molecular pathways in cancer to restrain tumor growth and induce response to therap...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2012 31:63Published on: 13 August 2012 - REVIEW
Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary: Is there a role of histology-specific treatment?
Several clinical trials to establish standard treatment modality for ovarian cancers included a high abundance of patients with serous histologic tumors, which were quite sensitive to platinum-based chemothera...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2012 31:53Published on: 1 June 2012 - REVIEW
Circulating microRNAs in cancer: origin, function and application
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscriptional level. The dysregulation of miRNAs has been linked to a series of diseases, including various ty...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2012 31:38Published on: 30 April 2012 - REVIEW
Therapeutic strategies in epithelial ovarian cancer
Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. It appears that the vast majority of what seem to be primary epithelial ovarian and primary peritoneal carcinomas is, in fact, secondary from the fimbr...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2012 31:14Published on: 13 February 2012 - REVIEW
Adjuvant chemotherapy for resected non-small-cell lung cancer: future perspectives for clinical research
Adjuvant chemotherapy for non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is a debated issue in clinical oncology. Although it is considered a standard for resected stage II-IIIA patients according to the available guid...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2011 30:115Published on: 29 December 2011 - REVIEW
The mechanisms by which polyamines accelerate tumor spread
Increased polyamine concentrations in the blood and urine of cancer patients reflect the enhanced levels of polyamine synthesis in cancer tissues arising from increased activity of enzymes responsible for poly...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2011 30:95Published on: 11 October 2011 - REVIEW
Platinum resistance in breast and ovarian cancer cell lines
Breast and ovarian cancers are among the 10 leading cancer types in females with mortalities of 15% and 6%, respectively. Despite tremendous efforts to conquer malignant diseases, the war on cancer declared by Ri...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2011 30:91Published on: 4 October 2011 - REVIEW
Apoptosis in cancer: from pathogenesis to treatment
Apoptosis is an ordered and orchestrated cellular process that occurs in physiological and pathological conditions. It is also one of the most studied topics among cell biologists. An understanding of the unde...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2011 30:87Published on: 26 September 2011 - REVIEW
Oncogene addiction in gliomas: Implications for molecular targeted therapy
Oncogene addiction is a phenomenon that the survival of cancer cells depends on an activated oncogene or inactivation of tumor suppressor gene, and is regarded as the 'Achilles heel' of the successful molecula...Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research 2011 30:58Published on: 17 May 2011
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