Candidate New Rotavirus Species in Sheltered Dogs, Hungary - Volume 21, Number 4—April 2015 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Volume 21, Number 4—April 2015
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Candidate New Rotavirus Species in Sheltered Dogs, Hungary
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Eszter Mihalov-Kovács, Ákos Gellért, Szilvia Marton, Szilvia L. Farkas, Enikő Fehér, Miklós Oldal, Ferenc Jakab, Vito Martella, and Krisztián Bányai
Abstract
We identified unusual rotavirus strains in fecal specimens from sheltered dogs in Hungary by viral metagenomics. The novel rotavirus species displayed limited genome sequence homology to representatives of the 8 rotavirus species, A–H, and qualifies as a candidate new rotavirus species that we tentatively named Rotavirus I.
Rotaviruses (family Reoviridae, genus Rotavirus) are major causes of acute dehydrating gastroenteritis in birds and mammals (1). Rotaviruses have an 11-segmented dsRNA genome encoding 6 structural proteins (viral protein [VP] 1–4, VP6, and VP7) and at least 5 functional nonstructural proteins (NSPs; NSP1–NSP5) (Technical Appendix[PDF - 738 KB - 11 pages] Table 1). Traditionally, rotaviruses have been classified into (sero)groups on the basis of major antigenic differences that predominantly reside in the VP6 and of the genomic RNA profile obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining (1). Recently, a VP6 gene sequence–based classification scheme has been proposed to replace the conventional methods. An empirical 53% aa identity was demonstrated to reliably distinguish strains of various rotaviruses groups (2). Also, reclassification of the 8 rotavirus groups as distinct species within the Rotavirus genus, designated Rotavirus A–H, has been proposed.
Rotavirus A has been detected in a wide variety of mammals and birds. In mammals, both endemic and epidemic forms of rotavirus B, C, E, and H infections have been described, whereas rotavirus D, F, and G have been identified only in birds (1–3). Genetically diverse rotaviruses have been found in some viral metagenomics studies (4,5). Using the metagenomic approach and the VP6-based molecular classification scheme, we found evidence for a novel rotavirus species that we tentatively called Rotavirus I.
Dr. Mihalov-Kovács is a PhD student at the Pathogen Discovery Group, Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Her research interests include discovery of novel viruses in domesticated animals.
Acknowledgment
Financial support was obtained from the Momentum Program (Hungarian Academy of Sciences) and the Hungarian Scientific Research Program (OTKA [Országos Tudományos Kutatási Alapprogramok] 108793; licensing of the Schrödinger Suite software package). Á.G. received a János Bolyai fellowship; F.J. received additional funding from TÁMOP (4.2.4.A/2-11-1-2012-0001).
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Table
Technical Appendix
Suggested citation for this article: Mihalov-Kovács E, Gellért Á, Marton S, Farkas SL, Fehér E, Oldal M, et al. Candidate new rotavirus species in sheltered dogs, Hungary. Emerg Infect Dis [Internet]. 2015 Apr [date cited]. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2104.141370
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