Medical and radiation oncology
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Assessment of the results and hematological side effects of 3D conformal and IMRT/ARC therapies delivered during craniospinal irradiation of childhood tumors with a follow-up period of five years
Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) of childhood tumors with the RapidArc technique is a new method of treatment. Our objective was to compare the acute hematological toxicity pattern during 3D conformal radiothera...BMC Cancer 2020 20:702Comparative effectiveness trial of transoral head and neck surgery followed by adjuvant radio(chemo)therapy versus primary radiochemotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer (TopROC)
For loco-regionally advanced, but transorally resectable oropharyngeal cancer (OPSCC), the current standard of care includes surgical resection and risk-adapted adjuvant (chemo) radiotherapy, or definite chemo...BMC Cancer 2020 20:701Risk factors of metachronous brain metastasis in patients with EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer
NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation were at a higher incidence of developing brain metastasis (BM). Patients with BM are associated with high mortality. Reducing BM incidence becomes increasingly significant for...BMC Cancer 2020 20:699Albumin-bound paclitaxel and gemcitabine combination therapy in soft tissue sarcoma
The evidence that albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) is safe and efficacious for the treatment of many types of malignant tumors is continuously increasing. However, the evidence and clinical data of na...BMC Cancer 2020 20:698Preoperative fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio, a potential prognostic factor for patients with stage IB-IIA cervical cancer
Previous studies have shown that fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) is a novel prognostic immune biomarker in various diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of FAR in the prognosis of patients with s...BMC Cancer 2020 20:691Protocol of the QUATTRO-II study: a multicenter randomized phase II study comparing CAPOXIRI plus bevacizumab with FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab as a first-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
First-line treatment with FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab (BEV) is highly effective and regarded as one of the standards-of-care for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), despite the high incidence of ...BMC Cancer 2020 20:687Efficacy and safety of nivolumab for advanced gastric cancer patients with poor performance statuses
Nivolumab has changed the treatment of advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Nivolumab shows better outcomes compared to best supportive care among AGC patients who received at least two prior regimens. However, ther...BMC Cancer 2020 20:684AtezoTRIBE: a randomised phase II study of FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab alone or in combination with atezolizumab as initial therapy for patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) reported remarkable achievements in several solid tumours. However, in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) promising results are limited to patients with deficient mismatch ...BMC Cancer 2020 20:683The predominant expression of cancer stem cell marker ALDH1A3 in tumor infiltrative area is associated with shorter overall survival of human glioblastoma
ALDH1A3 is a cancer stem cell marker in neoplasms including glioblastoma (GBM). However, the comprehensive role of ALDH1A3 in GBM remains unclear. This study attempted to investigate the expression of ALDH1A3 ...BMC Cancer 2020 20:672Treatment patterns and health outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients treated with targeted systemic therapies in the UK
Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with targeted systemic therapies have demonstrated favourable outcomes in randomised controlled trials, however real-world evidence is limited. Thus...BMC Cancer 2020 20:670Distribution pattern and prognosis of metastatic lymph nodes in cervical posterior to level V in nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients
Lymph node metastasis in the cervical region posterior to level V (PLV) can occurs in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but the significance of lymph node metastasis in this region and the delineat...BMC Cancer 2020 20:667Correlation between immune-related adverse events and prognosis in patients with various cancers treated with anti PD-1 antibody
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) are used for the treatment of various cancer types. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occur in patients treated...BMC Cancer 2020 20:656A single-arm confirmatory trial of pazopanib in patients with paclitaxel-pretreated primary cutaneous angiosarcoma: Japan Clinical Oncology Group study (JCOG1605, JCOG-PCAS protocol)
Paclitaxel is a standard of care for patients with primary cutaneous angiosarcoma of the scalp and face. However, no standard second-line treatment for paclitaxel-resistant patients has ever been established. ...BMC Cancer 2020 20:652Real-world efficacy and safety of two doses of cabazitaxel (20 or 25 mg/m2) in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: results of a Japanese post-marketing surveillance study
The recommended starting dose of cabazitaxel for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is 25 mg/m2 in Japan and Europe. Although lower doses are established alternatives based on randomized controlled trial...BMC Cancer 2020 20:649Management of medically inoperable and tyrosine kinase inhibitor-naïve early-stage lung adenocarcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor mutations: a retrospective multi-institutional analysis
The clinical value of combined local radiation and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for medically inoperable and TKI-naïve early-stage lung adenocarcinoma patients with...BMC Cancer 2020 20:646Challenges for cancer patients returning home during SARS-COV-19 pandemic after medical tourism - a consensus report by the emirates oncology task force
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global health crisis. Numerous cancer patients from non-Western countries, including the United Arab Emirates (UAE), seek cancer care outside their home countries and many ar...BMC Cancer 2020 20:641Study protocol for an open-label, single-arm, phase Ib/II study of combination of toripalimab, nab-paclitaxel, and gemcitabine as the first-line treatment for patients with unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a fatal disease with a dismal response to single-use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). ICIs combined with systemic therapy has shown efficacy and safety in vari...BMC Cancer 2020 20:636A refractory case of CDK4-amplified spinal astrocytoma achieving complete response upon treatment with a Palbociclib-based regimen:a case report
Spinal cord astrocytoma is a rare neoplasm, and patients usually recur within months after surgery. There is currently a lack of consensus regarding post-operative treatment. Clinical data on the activity of s...BMC Cancer 2020 20:630Sterile, abscess-like cerebral lesion during trastuzumab therapy after HER2 status switch in a triple negative breast cancer patient: a case report and literature review
Breast cancer is a global health problem – it is the most common malignancy among women. Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) account for 10–20% of female breast cancer. Most TNBC cases confer poor prognosis....BMC Cancer 2020 20:615Postoperative adjuvant treatment strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma with microvascular invasion: a non-randomized interventional clinical study
Microvascular invasion (MVI) is considered to be one of the important prognostic factors that affect postoperative recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with variable results across their ...BMC Cancer 2020 20:614Impact of breath-hold level on positional error aligned by stent/Lipiodol in Hepatobiliary radiotherapy with breath-hold respiratory control
Respiratory motion management with breath hold for patients with hepatobiliary cancers remain a challenge in the precise positioning for radiotherapy. We compared different image-guided alignment markers for e...BMC Cancer 2020 20:613Sparing the hippocampus and the hypothalamic- pituitary region during whole brain radiotherapy: a volumetric modulated arc therapy planning study
Feasibility testing of a simultaneous sparing approach of hippocampus, hypothalamus and pituitary gland in patients undergoing whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) with and without a concomitant boost to metastatic...BMC Cancer 2020 20:610Cost-effectiveness analysis of proton beam therapy for treatment decision making in paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancers in China
Cost-effectiveness is a pivotal consideration for clinical decision making of high-tech cancer treatment in developing countries. Intensity-modulated proton radiation therapy (IMPT, the advanced form of proton...BMC Cancer 2020 20:599Development of a precision medicine pipeline to identify personalized treatments for colorectal cancer
Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be a major health problem, and current treatments are primarily for disease control and palliation of symptoms. In this study, we developed a precision medicine ...BMC Cancer 2020 20:592Diagnosis of triple negative breast cancer based on radiomics signatures extracted from preoperative contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography
To explore the diagnostic value of radiomics features of preoperative computed tomography (CT) for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) for better treatment of patients with breast cancer.BMC Cancer 2020 20:579The tumour microenvironment of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract differentially influences dendritic cell maturation
Only 10–30% of oesophageal and rectal adenocarcinoma patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy have a complete pathological response. Inflammatory and angiogenic mediators in the tumour microenvironm...BMC Cancer 2020 20:566Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) combined with immunotherapy (L19-IL2) versus standard of care in stage IV NSCLC patients, ImmunoSABR: a multicentre, randomised controlled open-label phase II trial
About 50% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients have metastatic disease at initial diagnosis, which limits their treatment options and, consequently, the 5-year survival rate (15%). Immune checkpoint ...BMC Cancer 2020 20:557Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can improve the prognosis of high-risk pediatric t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia in first remission based on MRD-guided treatment
Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with t(8;21) (q22;q22) is classified as a low-risk group. However, relapse is still the main factor affecting survival. We aimed to investigate the effect of allogeneic h...BMC Cancer 2020 20:553Longer-term recurrence rate after low versus high dose radioiodine ablation for differentiated thyroid Cancer in low and intermediate risk patients: a meta-analysis
Regarding the longer-term recurrence rate the optimal activity for the remnant thyroid ablation in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is discussed controversially. For the short-term ablation su...BMC Cancer 2020 20:550Weekly paclitaxel plus ramucirumab versus weekly nab-paclitaxel plus ramucirumab for unresectable advanced or recurrent gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination refractory to first-line therapy—the P-SELECT trial (WJOG10617G)—a randomised phase II trial by the West Japan Oncology Group
Ramucirumab (RAM) with weekly paclitaxel (wPTX) is a standard second-line therapy for advanced or recurrent gastric cancer. Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-PTX), an albumin-bound form of PTX, was de...BMC Cancer 2020 20:548A predictive model for treatment response in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after concurrent chemoradiotherapy: based on SUVmean and NLR
We conducted this study to combine the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) to establish a strong predictive model for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcin...BMC Cancer 2020 20:544Role of high-dose salvage radiotherapy for oligometastases of the localised abdominal/pelvic lymph nodes: a retrospective study
Abdominal/pelvic lymph node (LN) oligometastasis, a pattern of treatment failure, is observed occasionally, and radiotherapy may work as salvage therapy. The optimal prescription dose, however, is yet to be de...BMC Cancer 2020 20:540The impact of neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapy on the survival of pancreatic cancer patients: a retrospective analysis
Immunotherapy has become an essential part of cancer treatment after showing great efficacy in various malignancies. However, its effectiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), especially in resecta...BMC Cancer 2020 20:538Single-institutional outcome-analysis of low-dose stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of adrenal gland metastases
Adrenal gland metastases are a common diagnostic finding in various tumor diseases. Due to the increased use of imaging methods, they are diagnosed more frequently, especially in asymptomatic patients. SBRT ha...BMC Cancer 2020 20:536Whole-brain irradiation with hippocampal sparing and dose escalation on metastases: neurocognitive testing and biological imaging (HIPPORAD) – a phase II prospective randomized multicenter trial (NOA-14, ARO 2015–3, DKTK-ROG)
Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is the standard therapy for multiple brain metastases. However, WBRT has a poor local tumor control and is associated with a decline in neurocognitive function (NCF). Aim o...BMC Cancer 2020 20:532Activity of PD1 inhibitor therapy in advanced sarcoma: a single-center retrospective analysis
Sarcomas constitute a heterogeneous group of tumors with different clinical behaviors and variable responses to systemic therapies. Recent immunotherapy studies with PD1 inhibitors (PD1i) show promising result...BMC Cancer 2020 20:527Optimal cumulative dose of cisplatin for concurrent chemoradiotherapy among patients with non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicenter analysis in Thailand
Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with high cumulative doses (CDs) of cisplatin has been considered the standard of care for non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, given most patients’ inability to tole...BMC Cancer 2020 20:518A retrospective study of patient-tailored FOLFIRINOX as a first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer
FOLFIRINOX is a pillar first-line regimen in the treatment of pancreatic cancer. Historically, biliary tract cancer (BTC) and pancreatic cancer have been treated similarly with gemcitabine alone or combined wi...BMC Cancer 2020 20:515Effect of aspirin on PET parameters in primary non-small cell lung cancer and its relationship with prognosis
18 F-FDG is a glucose analogue whose metabolic index SUV can effectively reflect the metabolic level of tumor microenvironment. Aspirin can affect the uptake of 18F-FDG by cancer cells, reducing the SUVmax val...BMC Cancer 2020 20:510Similar response rates and survival with PARP inhibitors for patients with solid tumors harboring somatic versus Germline BRCA mutations: a Meta-analysis and systematic review
PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have recently been approved for various malignancies based on the results of several clinical trials. However, these trials have mostly recruited patients with germline BRCA mutations, ...BMC Cancer 2020 20:507A differential risk assessment and decision model for Transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma based on hepatic function
The decision of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) initiation and/or repetition remains challenging in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim was to develop a prognostic scoring...BMC Cancer 2020 20:504Ipilimumab or FOLFOX with Nivolumab and Trastuzumab in previously untreated HER2-positive locally advanced or metastatic EsophagoGastric Adenocarcinoma - the randomized phase 2 INTEGA trial (AIO STO 0217)
Esophagogastric adenocarcinoma (EGA) currently represents a main cause of cancer related death. Despite an intensified treatment for locally advanced or metastatic EGA with a doublet chemotherapy consisting of...BMC Cancer 2020 20:503Machine-learning based MRI radiomics models for early detection of radiation-induced brain injury in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Early radiation-induced temporal lobe injury (RTLI) diagnosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is clinically challenging, and prediction models of RTLI are lacking. Hence, we aimed to develop radiomic models ...BMC Cancer 2020 20:502Craniospinal irradiation(CSI) in patients with leptomeningeal metastases: risk-benefit-profile and development of a prognostic score for decision making in the palliative setting
The aim of our study was to assess the feasibility and oncologic outcomes in patients treated with spinal (SI) or craniospinal irradiation (CSI) in patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LM) and to suggest a...BMC Cancer 2020 20:501Optimize the dose of oxaliplatin for locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy
Addition of oxaliplatin to capecitabine remains controversial for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). And cumulative oxaliplatin dose (COD) varied among clinical trials showing different therapeutic effects...BMC Cancer 2020 20:498A phase II randomized trial of RAdium-223 dichloride and SABR Versus SABR for oligomEtastatic prostate caNcerS (RAVENS)
Metastasis directed therapy (MDT) for patients with oligometastatic disease is associated with improvements in progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to systemic therapy alone. Addi...BMC Cancer 2020 20:492Components of metabolic syndrome in patients with multiple myeloma and smoldering multiple myeloma
The prevalences of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, both of which are components of metabolic syndrome, are known to be increased among patients with multiple myeloma (MM), but remain undetermined among pat...BMC Cancer 2020 20:489Achieving objective response in treatment of non-resectable neuroendocrine tumors does not predict longer time to progression compared to achieving stable disease
There are several treatment modalities for unresectable neuroendocrine tumors. Traditionally, the aim of these treatments has been to reduce the tumor load; referred to as objective response (OR). Less emphasi...BMC Cancer 2020 20:466Metastasis-directed therapy in castration-refractory prostate cancer (MEDCARE): a non-randomized phase 2 trial
Patients diagnosed with metastatic castration-refractory prostate cancer (mCRPC) rely on a limited number of therapeutic agents resulting in a median survival of 2–3 years. A subgroup of those patients with mC...BMC Cancer 2020 20:457Incidence of subsequent primary cancers and radiation-induced subsequent primary cancers after low dose-rate brachytherapy monotherapy for prostate cancer in long-term follow-up
As aging is the most significant risk factor for cancer development, long-term prostate cancer (PCa) survivors have an evident risk of developing subsequent primary cancers (SPCs). Radiotherapy itself is an ad...BMC Cancer 2020 20:453
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