sábado, 12 de enero de 2019

Healthy Lifestyle Factors Associated With Lower Risk of Colorectal Cancer Irrespective of Genetic Risk. - PubMed - NCBI

2018 Dec;155(6):1805-1815.e5. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2018.08.044. Epub 2018 Sep 8.

Healthy Lifestyle Factors Associated With Lower Risk of Colorectal Cancer Irrespective of Genetic Risk.

Carr PR1, Weigl K2, Jansen L3, Walter V3, Erben V4, Chang-Claude J5, Brenner H6, Hoffmeister M3.

Author information

Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS:

The combined effects of healthy lifestyle factors on colorectal cancer (CRC) risk are unclear. We aimed to develop a healthy lifestyle score, to investigate the joint effects of modifiable lifestyle factors on reduction of CRC risk and determine whether associations differ with genetic risk.

METHODS:

We collected data from a large population-based case-control study in Germany and used multiple logistic regression analyses to examine associations between the healthy lifestyle score (derived from 5 modifiable lifestyle factors: smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, physical activity, and body fatness) and CRC risk. We created a genetic risk score, based on 53 risk variants, to investigate the association of the healthy lifestyle score and risk of CRC, stratified by genetic risk.

RESULTS:

We included 4092 patients with CRC and 3032 individuals without CRC (controls) in our analysis. In adjusted models, compared with participants with 0 or 1 healthy lifestyle factor, participants with 2 (odds ratio [OR] 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-1.06), 3 (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.50-0.77), 4 (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.42-0.66), or 5 (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.26-0.43) healthy lifestyle factors had increasingly lower risks of CRC (P trend <.0001). We found no differences among subgroups stratified by genetic risk score, history of colonoscopy, or family history of CRC. Overall, 45% of CRC cases (95% CI 34%-53%) could be attributed to nonadherence to all 5 healthy lifestyle behaviors.

CONCLUSIONS:

In a large population-based case-control study, we identified a combination of lifestyle factors that appears to reduce risk of CRC, regardless of the patient's genetic profile. These results reinforce the importance of primary prevention of CRC.