Diabetes Type 2
Also called: Type 2 Diabetes
National Institutes of Health
Other Languages
Diabetes means your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. With type 2 diabetes, the more common type, your body does not make or use insulin well. Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose get into your cells to give them energy. Without insulin, too much glucose stays in your blood. Over time, high blood glucose can lead to serious problems with your heart, eyes, kidneys, nerves, and gums and teeth.
You have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes if you are older, have obesity, have a family history of diabetes, or do not exercise. Having prediabetes also increases your risk. Prediabetes means that your blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough to be called diabetes. If you are at risk for type 2 diabetes, you may be able to delay or prevent developing it by making some lifestyle changes.
The symptoms of type 2 diabetes appear slowly. Some people do not notice symptoms at all. The symptoms can include
- Being very thirsty
- Urinating often
- Feeling very hungry or tired
- Losing weight without trying
- Having sores that heal slowly
- Having blurry eyesight
Blood tests can show if you have diabetes. One type of test, the A1C, can also check on how you are managing your diabetes. Many people can manage their diabetes through healthy eating, physical activity, and blood glucose testing. Some people also need to take diabetes medicines.
NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Overview (Beyond the Basics) (UpToDate)
- Facts about Type 2
(American Diabetes Association)Also in Spanish - Type 2 Diabetes (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
- Types of Diabetes
(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)Also in Spanish
- A1C Test and Diabetes (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)
- Comparing Tests for Diabetes and Prediabetes: A Quick Reference Guide (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)
- Diagnosis of Diabetes and Prediabetes (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)Also in Spanish
- Ketones in Urine (National Library of Medicine)Also in Spanish
- Microalbumin Test (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
- All about Your Risk for Prediabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, and Heart Disease(American Diabetes Association) - PDF
- Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes (National Institute on Aging) - PDFAlso in Spanish
- Family Health History and Diabetes (National Diabetes Education Program)
- Find a Diabetes Prevention Program Near You (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- How to Prevent Diabetes: MedlinePlus Health Topic (National Library of Medicine)Also in Spanish
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- Diabetes Medicines: MedlinePlus Health Topic (National Library of Medicine)Also in Spanish
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- Women and Diabetes -- Diabetes Medicines (Food and Drug Administration)
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- Anger (American Diabetes Association)Also in Spanish
- Changing Your Habits: Steps to Better Health (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases) - PDF
- Checking for Ketones (American Diabetes Association)Also in Spanish
- Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Alcohol, Exercise, and Medical Care (Beyond the Basics) (UpToDate)
- Diabetic Diet: MedlinePlus Health Topic (National Library of Medicine)Also in Spanish
- Getting the Very Best Care for Your Diabetes (American Diabetes Association) - PDF
- Monitoring (American Association of Diabetes Educators)
- Stress (American Diabetes Association)Also in Spanish
- Taking Care of Type 2 Diabetes (American Diabetes Association) - PDF
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Diet (Beyond the Basics) (UpToDate)
- Weight Loss (American Diabetes Association)Also in Spanish
- Where Do I Begin with Type 2? (American Diabetes Association)
- Your First Visit (to a Doctor) (American Diabetes Association)
- 6 Things to Know about Type 2 Diabetes and Dietary Supplements (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health)
- Acanthosis Nigricans (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
- Causes of Diabetes (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)Also in Spanish
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- National Diabetes Prevention Program (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Prediabetes:MedlinePlus Health Topic (National Library of Medicine)Also in Spanish
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- When You're Sick (American Diabetes Association)Also in Spanish
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- All about Insulin Resistance (American Diabetes Association) - PDF
- Genetics Home Reference: type 2 diabetes (National Library of Medicine)
- Genetics Home Reference: Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome (National Library of Medicine)
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- Early Puberty Linked to Higher Type 2 Diabetes Risk (American Diabetes Association)
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- Diabetes Type 2 -- see more articles
- Diabetes: Glossary of Terms (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- American Diabetes Association
- Find a Diabetes Educator (American Association of Diabetes Educators)
- National Diabetes Education Program
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Diabetes Fact Sheet (Department of Health and Human Services, Office on Women's Health)Also in Spanish
- Women and Diabetes: Frequently Asked Questions (American Diabetes Association)Also in Spanish
- Women at High Risk for Diabetes (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) - PDF
- Diabetes in Older People (National Institute on Aging)Also in Spanish
- Diabetes: Unique to Older Adults (AGS Foundation for Health in Aging)
- A1C test (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Diabetes type 2 - meal planning (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Giving an insulin injection (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- High blood sugar (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Type 2 diabetes (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Type 2 diabetes - self-care (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
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