Diabetes in Children and Teens
National Institutes of Health
Until recently, the common type of diabetes in children and teens was type 1. It was called juvenile diabetes. With Type 1 diabetes, the pancreas does not make insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose,or sugar, get into your cells to give them energy. Without insulin, too much sugar stays in the blood.
Now younger people are also getting type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes used to be called adult-onset diabetes. But now it is becoming more common in children and teens, due to more obesity. With Type 2 diabetes, the body does not make or use insulin well.
Children have a higher risk of type 2 diabetes if they are overweight or have obesity, have a family history of diabetes, or are not active. Children who are African American, Hispanic, Native American/Alaska Native, Asian American, or Pacific Islander also have a higher risk. To lower the risk of type 2 diabetes in children
- Have them maintain a healthy weight
- Be sure they are physically active
- Have them eat smaller portions of healthy foods
- Limit time with the TV, computer, and video
Children and teens with type 1 diabetes may need to take insulin. Type 2 diabetes may be controlled with diet and exercise. If not, patients will need to take oral diabetes medicines or insulin. A blood test called the A1C can check on how you are managing your diabetes.
- A1C: MedlinePlus Health Topic (National Library of Medicine)
- Diagnosis of Diabetes and Prediabetes (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)Also in Spanish
- Ketones in Urine (National Library of Medicine)Also in Spanish
- 4 Steps to Manage Your Diabetes for Life (National Diabetes Education Program)Also in Spanish
- Prevent Type 2 Diabetes in Kids (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- How Is Diabetes Treated in Children? (Food and Drug Administration)
- Medicines for Diabetes (Nemours Foundation)
- Treating Type 2 Diabetes (Nemours Foundation)Also in Spanish
- Carbohydrates and Diabetes (For Parents) (Nemours Foundation)Also in Spanish
- Diabetic Emergencies (American College of Emergency Physicians)
- Meal Plans and Diabetes (For Parents) (Nemours Foundation)Also in Spanish
- Acanthosis Nigricans (Nemours Foundation)Also in Spanish
- Long-Term Complications of Diabetes (For Parents) (Nemours Foundation)
- Monogenic Forms of Diabetes: Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus and Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young (National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)
- Diabetes Increases in Children and Teens (National Institutes of Health)Also in Spanish
- Patient Access to Research (American Diabetes Association)
- ClinicalTrials.gov: Diabetes in Children and Teens (National Institutes of Health)
- Diabetes: Glossary of Terms (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- A1C test (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Blood sugar test - blood (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Giving an insulin injection (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Type 1 diabetes (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Type 2 diabetes (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
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