Neuroblastoma Treatment (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version

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Changes to this Summary (12/02/2016)

The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.

General Information About Neuroblastoma

Added Immune system inhibition as a new subsection.

Treatment of Low-Risk Neuroblastoma

Added radiation therapy as a treatment option for certain patients with low-risk neuroblastoma.

Revised text to state that chemotherapy with or without surgery is used to treat symptomatic disease, unresectable progressive disease after surgery, or disease with unfavorable histology or diploid disease.

Revised text to state that additional studies are necessary to confirm the use of observation in patients younger than 6 months with small adrenal masses before it can be considered standard treatment; these studies, including an expansion of criteria allowing observation without surgery, are underway in the Children's Oncology Goup (COG) ANBL1232 study.

Treatment of High-Risk Neuroblastoma

Added text about the results of the COG-ANBL0532 study that tested the efficacy of two cycles versus one cycle of myeloablative chemotherapy with stem cell rescue (cited Park et al. as reference 15).

Recurrent Neuroblastoma

Added surgery followed by chemotherapy and high-risk therapy as treatment options for metastatic recurrent neuroblastoma initially classified as low risk.

Added text to state that children with high-risk neuroblastoma refractory after induction chemotherapy, defined as poor response of metastatic disease, underwent tandem autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT) with thiotepa followed by busulfan/melphalan. The 3-year event-free survival was 37% (cited Pasqualini et al. as reference 20).

Added text to state that tandem consolidation using iodine-131 metaiodobenzylguanidine (131I-mIBG), vincristine, and irinotecan with autologous SCT followed by busulfan/melphalan with autologous SCT or single autologous SCT with 131I-mIBG and carboplatin/etoposide/melphalan have been studied in refractory patients (cited Yanik et al. as reference 30).

Added text about the ADVL1522 trial as a treatment option under clinical evaluation for recurrent or refractory neuroblastoma.

This summary is written and maintained by the PDQ Pediatric Treatment Editorial Board, which is editorially independent of NCI. The summary reflects an independent review of the literature and does not represent a policy statement of NCI or NIH. More information about summary policies and the role of the PDQ Editorial Boards in maintaining the PDQ summaries can be found on the About This PDQ Summary and PDQ® - NCI's Comprehensive Cancer Database pages.

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