Winter Weather Checklists

Stock up on emergency supplies for communication, food, safety, heating, and car in case a storm hits.

Communication Checklist

Make sure you have at least one of the following in case there is a power failure:
- Battery-powered radio (for listening to local emergency instructions). Have extra batteries.
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) weather radio receiver (for listening to National Weather Service broadcasts).
  - Learn more about NOAA Weather Radio All Hazards
Find out how your community warns the public about severe weather:
- Siren
- Radio
- Television
Listen to emergency broadcasts.
Know what winter storm warning terms mean:
- Winter Weather Advisory: Expect winter weather conditions to cause inconvenience and hazards.
- Frost/Freeze Warning: Expect below-freezing temperatures.
- Winter Storm Watch: Be alert; a storm is likely.
- Winter Storm Warning: Take action; the storm is in or entering the area.
- Blizzard Warning: Seek refuge immediately! Snow and strong winds, near-zero visibility, deep snow drifts, and life-threatening wind chill.

Have a week’s worth of food and safety supplies. If you live far from other people, have more supplies on hand.

Drinking water
Canned/no-cook food (bread, crackers, dried fruits)
Non-electric can opener
Baby food and formula (if baby in the household)
Prescription drugs and other medicine
First-aid kit
Rock-salt to melt ice on walkways
Supply of cat litter or bag of sand to add traction on walkways
Flashlight and extra batteries
Battery-powered lamps or lanterns
(To prevent the risk of fire, avoid using candles.)

Keep a water supply. Extreme cold can cause water pipes in your home to freeze and sometimes break.

Leave all water taps slightly open so they drip continuously.
Keep the indoor temperature warm.
Allow more heated air near pipes. Open kitchen cabinet doors under the kitchen sink.
If your pipes do freeze, do not thaw them with a torch. Thaw the pipes slowly with warm air from an electric hair dryer.
If you cannot thaw your pipes, or if the pipes have broken open, use bottled water or get water from a neighbor’s home.
Have bottled water on hand.
In an emergency—if no other water is available—snow can be melted for water. Bringing water to a rolling boil for one minute will kill most germs but won’t get rid of chemicals sometimes found in snow.

Have at least one of the following heat sources in case the power goes out:
- Fireplace with plenty of dry firewood or gas log fireplace
- Portable space heaters or kerosene heaters
Check with your local fire department to make sure that kerosene heaters are legal in your area.
Never place a space heater on top of furniture or near water.
Use electric space heaters with
- automatic shut-off switches and
- nonglowing elements.
Keep heat sources at least 3 feet away from furniture and drapes.
Never leave children unattended near a space heater.
Have the following safety equipment:
- Chemical fire extinguisher
- Smoke alarm in working order (Check once a month and change batteries once a year.)
- Carbon monoxide detector
Never use an electric generator indoors, inside the garage, or near the air intake of your home because of the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning:
- Do not use the generator or appliances if they are wet.
- Do not store gasoline indoors where the fumes could ignite.
- Use individual heavy-duty, outdoor-rated cords to plug in other appliances.

Never use charcoal grills or portable gas camp stove indoors—the fumes are deadly.
Use battery-powered flashlights or lanterns.
Avoid using candles.
Never leave lit candles alone.