Canine Distemper in Rhesus Monkeys | CDC EID :: Volume 17, Number 8–August 2011

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Volume 17, Number 8–August 2011
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Canine Distemper Outbreak in Rhesus Monkeys, China

Wei Qiu,1 Ying Zheng,1 Shoufeng Zhang,1 Quanshui Fan,1 Hua Liu, Fuqiang Zhang, Wei Wang, Guoyang Liao, and Rongliang Hu Comments to Author

Author affiliations: Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu Military Region, Kunming, People's Republic of China (W. Qiu, Y. Zheng, Q. Fan, H. Liu, F. Zhang, W. Wang, G. Liao); and The Veterinary Research Institute of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Changchun, People's Republic of China (S. Zhang, R. Hu)

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Abstract
Since 2006, canine distemper outbreaks have occurred in rhesus monkeys at a breeding farm in Guangxi, People's Republic of China. Approximately 10,000 animals were infected (25%–60% disease incidence); 5%–30% of infected animals died. The epidemic was controlled by vaccination. Amino acid sequence analysis of the virus indicated a unique strain.

Canine distemper is a highly contagious infectious disease of canine and feline species caused by canine distemper virus (CDV), a member of family Paramyxoviridae (1). Susceptible animals include dogs, wolves, jackals, foxes, mongooses, badgers, raccoon dogs, skunks, minks, and ferrets (2–6). Case-fatality rates for these animals has ranged from 30% to 80% and even to 100% of ferrets (7). Natural infection with CDV has occasionally been reported in bears, lesser pandas, and giant pandas (8–10). Monkeys are not generally considered susceptible but can be experimentally infected (11,12). In 1989, the first natural case of canine distemper in a monkey (Macaca fuscata) was reported (13). Recently, natural canine distemper infection was reported in a few monkeys in Beijing, People's Republic of China, with a description of the clinical signs and pathogenic changes (14). This outbreak most likely resulted from secondary transmission of CDV originating in a larger outbreak on a Guangxi breeding farm, where a similar disease had occurred 2–3 years earlier. Here we describe this larger outbreak and provide a more detailed epidemiologic analysis.

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Suggested Citation for this Article

Qiu W, Zheng Y, Zhang S, Fan Q, Liu H, Zhang F, et al. Canine distemper outbreak in rhesus monkeys, China. Emerg Infect Dis [serial on the Internet]. 2011 Aug [date cited]. http://www.cdc.gov/EID/content/17/8/101153.htm

DOI: 10.3201/eid1708.101153



1These authors contributed equally to this article.

Comments to the Authors

Please use the form below to submit correspondence to the authors or contact them at the following address:

Rongliang Hu, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control and Laboratory of Epidemiology, Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 1068 Qinglong Rd, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China; email: ronglianghu@hotmail.com