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Human Polyomaviruses in Children Undergoing Transplantation, United States, 2008–2010 - - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC

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Human Polyomaviruses in Children Undergoing Transplantation, United States, 2008–2010 - - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC

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Volume 18, Number 9–October 2012


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Human Polyomaviruses in Children Undergoing Transplantation, United States, 2008–2010

Erica A. Siebrasse, Irma Bauer, Lori R. Holtz, Binh-minh Le, Sherry Lassa-Claxton, Charles Canter, Paul Hmiel, Shalini Shenoy, Stuart Sweet, Yumirle Turmelle, Ross Shepherd, and David WangComments to Author 
Author affiliations: Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Abstract

Immunocompromised patients are at risk for disease caused by infection by some polyomaviruses. To define the prevalence of polyomaviruses in children undergoing transplantation, we collected samples from a longitudinal cohort and tested for the 9 known human polyomaviruses. All were detected; several were present in previously unreported specimen types.
BK and JC polyomaviruses (BKPyV, JCPyV) cause disease in immunocompromised persons. Both are double-stranded DNA viruses in the family Polyomaviridae. Seven additional human polyomaviruses were discovered during 2007–2011: KI polyomavirus (KIPyV) (1), WU polyomavirus (WUPyV) (2), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) (3), human polyomavirus 6 (HPyV6) (4), human polyomavirus 7 (HPyV7) (4), trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus (TSPyV) (5), and human polyomavirus 9 (HPyV9) (6).
The 7 novel polyomaviruses have been detected in various specimen types; detection has been extensively reviewed for KIPyV, WUPyV, and MCPyV (7). Polyomaviruses HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV, and HPyV9 have been detected in skin (4,5,8); TSPyV and HPyV9 have also been detected in urine, and HPyV9 was detected in serum (6). However, only 2 of these recently identified viruses have been specifically implicated in human diseases; MCPyV is associated with Merkel cell carcinoma (3), and TSPyV has been linked to trichodysplasia spinulosa (5). Immunosuppression is a likely cofactor in both diseases. The potential pathogenicity of the other 5 novel polyomaviruses is unknown. As a first step toward exploring their disease potential, we sought to define their prevalence in immunocompromised transplant recipients. To this end, we established a longitudinal cohort of children undergoing transplantation at St. Louis Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.

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