CIENCIASMEDICASNEWS

sábado, 1 de junio de 2024

A Gram-negative-selective antibiotic that spares the gut microbiome

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07502-0?utm_campaign=morning_rounds&utm_medium=email&_hsenc=p2ANqtz-9JtP_V-4bhh2hMeKqr7ch06zOe8aua2Yy9uZ7SNQmV1zH5umfVGCauvVB_qRhyfV2BgQu8faSok8YL0kLPxQvvOhVCWQ&_hsmi=309503763&utm_content=309503763&utm_source=hs_email Scientists test an antibiotic to treat multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria in mice Gram-negative bacteria are the supervillains of pathogens: They are common, aggressive, and need treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics, which can disrupt the gut microbiome and lead to further infection. The bacteria can also easily evolve to develop antimicrobial resistance. But a study published in Nature details research into a new weapon that could fight back against these superbugs: an experimental antibiotic called lolamicin. The antibiotic targets the lipoprotein transport system, or “Lol system,” which is unique to Gram-negative bacteria. Lolamicin was effective against 130 different types of multi-drug resistant bacteria in the lab, and successfully treated infected mice that developed acute pneumonia and septicemia, without affecting their gut microbiome. In the study’s control group, 87% of untreated mice with the same infections died.

Young-Onset Dementia Among Individuals With History of Preeclampsia

https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2819207?resultClick=3&utm_campaign=morning_rounds&utm_medium=email&_hsenc=p2ANqtz-8wdlDo3PCnmaXw2FvvSkY66bGgq0yfMJlu1nNyTAWWdAJfnG30SWffK78IAIrL_-9Tp4hJPHKjAMuYi9KWWu-h3dX6_w&_hsmi=309503763&utm_content=309503763&utm_source=hs_email Preeclampsia is associated with increased risk of young-onset dementia A large study published on Thursday in JAMA Network Open analyzed all the nearly 2 million patients who delivered children in France between 2010 and 2018, finding that pregnant people who developed preeclampsia, a disorder that manifests as high blood pressure during pregnancy, were more likely to develop young-onset dementia. Earlier studies have linked cognitive function impairments with preeclampsia, but this is the first time researchers found an association specifically with early-onset dementia. Patients who developed early dementia tended to be older (delivering at 36.4 years on average, compared to 34.6 for the larger group). Social deprivation, smoking, and diabetes were also associated with increased risk. And risk was higher in pregnant people who developed preeclampsia before 34 weeks of gestation, or already had other forms of hypertension.

Mothers in treatment for opioid use disorder shouldn’t also have to fight child protective services By Arthur Robin Williams and Judith ColeMay 31, 2024

https://www.statnews.com/2024/05/31/mothers-treatment-opioid-addiction-child-protective-services/?utm_campaign=morning_rounds&utm_medium=email&_hsenc=p2ANqtz-9QtiWZUxETiESBDwfYKO7_yWD5QeMnDPsAzXVdRCnSKJAmta6HQv7BAMk1J5bR3wtZRcRzcq5dcSSPP1ylx-kjauhlEw&_hsmi=309503763&utm_content=309503763&utm_source=hs_email Mothers undergoing opioid use disorder treatment can face two battles: One against the addiction, and the other to keep custody of their children. Child services often misguidedly remove kids and babies from parents in this situation, write Arthur Robin Williams and Judith Cole, who work for Ophelia, a company that provides opioid addiction treatment. For many years, the law specified child protective services should get informed if a newborn was affected by “illegal” drugs, though in 2016 the "illegal" specification was removed — thus including methadone and buprenorphine, treatments for opioid use disorder. These measures can dissuade mothers from seeking care, Williams and Cole argue in a First Opinion. Individual states and hospitals are addressing this by significantly limiting the cases that warrant reporting. More here about what it would mean to adopt that approach at the federal level.

How AI is advancing cancer care and closing treatment gaps

https://www.statnews.com/sponsor/2024/04/22/how-ai-is-advancing-cancer-care-and-closing-treatment-gaps/

The NIH has poured $1 billion into long Covid research — with little to show for it Rachel Cohrs Zhang By Rachel Cohrs Zhang and Betsy Ladyzhets

https://www.statnews.com/2023/04/20/long-covid-nih-billion/?utm_campaign=morning_rounds&utm_medium=email&_hsenc=p2ANqtz-9Uit6fvrVP5Jcw8EdQtgJ9moFZWs10HpGCnDgJOXy-39k6iii5DKC_7o1OsvsBA5CnhmtsflDpipA55H4_jOsdEQliTw&_hsmi=309503763&utm_content=309503763&utm_source=hs_email The NIH Long Covid initiative looks like a $1 billion fail so far Long Covid is a pernicious lasting effect of the pandemic, as millions of Americans deal with a mostly mysterious condition that often leads to disability. In 2020, the National Institutes of Health launched the $1 billion RECOVER initiative to investigate the chronic condition’s root causes and identify possible treatment. Three years in, most of the initial budget has been spent — but little has been achieved. NIH funding contracts obtained by The Sick Times, MuckRock, and STAT News contained clear and avoidable mistakes, according to long Covid experts, including not hiring scientists who had studied post-infectious chronic diseases prior to the pandemic. Experts say some of the RECOVER research has value — in particular, its studies on children — but the long Covid community feels let down, and is asking the government to do more for patients with the $500 million in new funding allocated this year. NIH documents show how $1.6 billion long Covid initiative has failed so far to meet its goals By Betsy LadyzhetsMay 31, 2024 https://www.statnews.com/2024/05/31/long-covid-nih-recover-initiative-falls-short-on-causes-treatments/?utm_campaign=morning_rounds&utm_medium=email&_hsenc=p2ANqtz-9EMi4F74YzwuAT09NryyRncLfW8ZI3PpbzDQcH0x1hClAJ-uYKGrTPtFm_Z6w9pXpPgHHQzKD9sKNcfA_AOu6ZEE3GQw&_hsmi=309503763&utm_content=309503763&utm_source=hs_email

Drug treatment that insists on abstinence? Federal agencies are just saying no Lev Facher By Lev FacherMay 31, 2024

The U.S. government is moving away from abstinence-focused drug policy An important shift is happening in drug addiction policy: The government no longer thinks abstinence is the only solution. As my colleague Lev Facher reports, in recent years key federal agencies, including the Food and Drug Administration, have quietly been welcoming initiatives with a different, more realistic goal: to reduce drug use if eliminating it is not possible. This reflects the broader evidence-based consensus in addiction treatment, which is increasingly adopting harm reduction in lieu of ideal, yet often unattainable, results. “The obvious metaphor is Russian roulette: Instead of taking 28 doses of fentanyl a week, you take four — it can still kill you, but the probability goes down,” said Nora Volkow, the director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse. “So it’s just a simple statistical matter.” You can read more here about what changes are already in place, and what others harm reduction proponents would like to see. https://www.statnews.com/2024/05/31/drug-policy-shifts-from-abstinence-to-harm-reduction/?utm_campaign=morning_rounds&utm_medium=email&_hsenc=p2ANqtz--rZ4VQ6XHdJyUH7-gZlpY9r0m-tjrH57cLj2JfkxnTEwHd8oLSO41TKi71Rao-uryHX8QL9ZRM8vfmL9q-53gDoVk0vQ&_hsmi=309503763&utm_content=309503763&utm_source=hs_email