Case Reports
Section edited by Alfred Zippelius, MD
Reports on unusual or unexpected clinical cases that expand the field of general medical knowledge. Includes information on an unexpected association between diseases or symptoms, an unexpected event in the course of observing or treating a patient, findings that shed new light on the possible pathogenesis of the disease or an adverse effect, unique or rare features of the disease, and/or a unique therapeutic approach.
- CASE REPORT
Checkpoint inhibitor is active against large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with high tumor mutation burden
Large cell neuroendocrine tumor (LCNEC) of the lung is a rare and aggressive tumor similar to small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Thus, it is often treated similarly to SCLC in the front-line setting with a platinu...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:75Published on: 19 September 2017 - CASE REPORT
Predictive role of PD-L1 expression in the response of renal Medullary carcinoma to PD-1 inhibition
Renal medullary carcinoma is one of the rarest malignancies arising from the kidney. Despite various aggressive therapeutic regimens, mortality remains significantly high (95%) with a median overall survival o...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:62Published on: 15 August 2017 - CASE REPORT
Response to single agent PD-1 inhibitor after progression on previous PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors: a case series
Monoclonal antibodies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis have gained increasing attention across many solid tumors and hematologic malignancies due to their efficacy and favorable toxicity profile. With more than 1...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:66Published on: 15 August 2017 - CASE REPORT
Acute interstitial nephritis after sequential ipilumumab - nivolumab therapy of metastatic melanoma
The anti-Programmed Death receptor 1 (anti-PD-1) antibodies nivolumab and pembrolizumab are new treatments in metastatic melanoma. Immunotherapies are best known to be responsible for thrombotic microangiopath...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:57Published on: 18 July 2017 - CASE REPORT
Angiosarcoma treated successfully with anti-PD-1 therapy - a case report
Angiosarcomas are tumors of malignant endothelial origin that have a poor prognosis with a five-year survival of less than 40%. These tumors can be found in all age groups, but are more common in older patient...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:58Published on: 18 July 2017 - CASE REPORT
Progressive hypoventilation due to mixed CD8+ and CD4+ lymphocytic polymyositis following tremelimumab - durvalumab treatment
The combination of CTLA-4 and PD-L1 inhibitors has a manageable adverse effect profile, although rare immune-related adverse events (irAE) can occur.Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:54Published on: 18 July 2017 - CASE REPORT
Regression of multifocoal in transit melanoma metastases after palliative resection of dominant masses and 2 years after treatment with ipilimumab
Spontaneous regression of metastatic melanoma and delayed responses more than one year after treatment with ipilimumab are rarely seen.Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:61Published on: 18 July 2017 - CASE REPORT
Macrophage type 2 differentiation in a patient with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma to the cervical lymph nodes
The tumor microenvironment often polarizes infiltrating macrophages towards a type 2, or M2 phenotype, that is characterized by expression of various cysteine-rich, scavenger receptors, including CD163. The pr...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:60Published on: 18 July 2017 - CASE REPORT
Cerebral vasculitis mimicking intracranial metastatic progression of lung cancer during PD-1 blockade
Stimulation of the immune system by targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway can result in activation of anti-tumor immunity. Besides its clinical benefit immune checkpoint therapy leads to significant immune-related ...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:46Published on: 20 June 2017 - CASE REPORT
Safe and effective administration of T-VEC in a patient with heart transplantation and recurrent locally advanced melanoma
Immunotherapy plays a key role in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Patients with autoimmune conditions and/or on immunosuppressive therapy due to orthotropic transplants, however, are systematically exclu...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:45Published on: 20 June 2017 - CASE REPORT
Nivolumab as salvage treatment in a patient with HIV-related relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma and liver failure with encephalopathy
We report the first case to our knowledge of a patient with relapsed/refractory classical hodgkin lymphoma and liver failure with encephalopathy along with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficienc...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:49Published on: 20 June 2017 - CASE REPORT
Nivolumab-induced autoimmune diabetes mellitus presenting as diabetic ketoacidosis in a patient with metastatic lung cancer
Advances in cancer immunotherapy have generated encouraging results in multiple malignancies refractory to standard chemotherapies. As the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) proliferates, the incidence ...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:40Published on: 16 May 2017 - CASE REPORT
Long-term complete remission with ipilimumab in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer: case report of two patients
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men and the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Although major progress has been achieved in the last years for patients with metastatic cas...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:31Published on: 18 April 2017 - CASE REPORT
Response after treatment with pembrolizumab in a patient with myelophthisis due to melanoma: the role of checkpoint inhibition in the bone
Myelophthisis due to melanoma is a rare phenomenon. Treatment strategies for patients with this serious complication of malignancy have not been well documented, and none have previously reported efficacy of i...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:34Published on: 18 April 2017 - CASE REPORT
Ipilimumab-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4) was the first immune checkpoint receptor clinically targeted for use in cancer treatment. It is expressed exclusively on T-cells where its primary role is t...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:19Published on: 21 March 2017 - CASE REPORT
Thrombocytopenia in patients with melanoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including antibodies against programmed death 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), are being used with increasing frequency for the treatment of cancer. Immune-...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:8Published on: 21 February 2017 - CASE REPORT
PD-1 blockade induces remissions in relapsed classical Hodgkin lymphoma following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and checkpoint blockade therapy are immune-based therapies that have activity in selected refractory hematologic malignancies. Interest has developed in combi...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:11Published on: 21 February 2017 - CASE REPORT
Nivolumab induced myxedema crisis
Nivolumab is an anti-programmed cell death (anti-PD-1) monoclonal antibody that is approved by Food and Drug Administration for treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, metastatic melanoma, relapsed...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:13Published on: 21 February 2017 - CASE REPORT
Immunotherapy-associated autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Immunotherapy has been widely used in the treatment of several solid and hematologic malignancies. Checkpoint inhibitors have been the forefront of cancer immunotherapy in recent years. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:15Published on: 21 February 2017 - CASE REPORT
Interstitial nephritis in melanoma patients secondary to PD-1 checkpoint inhibitor
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become the first line therapy in melanoma treatment and their use is extending to other malignancies. However, we are still learning about immune side effects produced by thes...Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 2017 5:3Published on: 17 January 2017
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