Breast Cancer Screening (PDQ®)–Health Professional Version
SECTIONS
- Overview
- Description of the Evidence
- Pathologic Evaluation of Breast Tissue
- Breast Cancer Screening Concepts
- Breast Cancer Screening Imaging Modalities
- Characteristics of Cancers Detected by Breast Imaging
- Variables Associated with Accuracy
- Harms of Screening
- Breast Cancer Screening Modalities—Beyond Breast Imaging
- Special Populations
- Informed Medical Decision Making
- Appendix of Randomized Controlled Trials
- Changes to This Summary (02/22/2017)
- About This PDQ Summary
- View All Sections
Changes to This Summary (02/22/2017)
The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.
Updated statistics with estimated new cases and deaths for 2017 (cited American Cancer Society as reference 1).
Revised text to state that the incidence of atypia and ductal carcinoma in situ breast lesions has increased over the past three decades as a result of widespread mammography screening, although atypia is generally mammographically occult.
Revised text to state that because the extent of these biases is never clear in any particular study, the gold standard used by most groups to assess the benefits of screening is the randomized controlled trial (RCT) with cause-specific mortality as the endpoint. Also added text to state that RCTs with cause-specific mortality as the endpoint avoid lead/length/overdiagnosis bias.
Added text to state that it is also important to recognize that the harms of screening, especially false-positive results, are greater with a first screen and decrease with subsequent screens, for which there are previous images for comparison.
Revised text to state that currently, physicians cannot confidently distinguish cancers that will cause illness and/or death from those that will remain occult, so cancers are treated in almost all cases.
This summary is written and maintained by the PDQ Screening and Prevention Editorial Board, which is editorially independent of NCI. The summary reflects an independent review of the literature and does not represent a policy statement of NCI or NIH. More information about summary policies and the role of the PDQ Editorial Boards in maintaining the PDQ summaries can be found on the About This PDQ Summary and PDQ® - NCI's Comprehensive Cancer Database pages.
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