DCC
What is the official name of the DCC gene?
The official name of this gene is “DCC netrin 1 receptor.”
DCC is the gene's official symbol. The DCC gene is also known by other names, listed below.
Read more about gene names and symbols on the About page.
What is the normal function of the DCC gene?
The DCC gene provides instructions for making a protein called the netrin-1 receptor, which is involved in the development of the nervous system. This receptor has three major parts: an extracellular region that sticks out from the surface of the cell, a transmembrane region that anchors the receptor to the cell membrane, and an intracellular region that transmits signals to the interior of the cell. The extracellular region attaches (binds) to a substance (its ligand) called netrin-1, fitting together like a lock and its key. The binding of netrin-1 triggers signaling via the intracellular region of the receptor that helps direct the growth of specialized nerve cell extensions called axons. Axons transmit nerve impulses that signal muscle movement. Normally, movement signals from each half of the brain control muscles on the opposite side of the body. Binding of netrin-1 to its receptor inhibits axons from developing in ways that would carry movement signals from each half of the brain to the same side of the body.
The netrin-1 receptor is also thought to act as a dependence receptor, which means it has different functions in the presence or absence of its ligand. In the case of the netrin-1 receptor, binding to its ligand triggers signaling related to nervous system development, as described above. When not bound to netrin-1, the netrin-1 receptor acts as a tumor suppressor, which means that it keeps cells from growing and dividing too fast or in an uncontrolled way. Studies suggest that when the netrin-1 receptor is not bound to netrin-1, it triggers cell death (apoptosis).
How are changes in the DCC gene related to health conditions?
- congenital mirror movement disorder - caused by mutations in the DCC gene
- At least 11 DCC gene mutations have been identified in people with congenital mirror movement disorder, a condition in which intentional movements of one side of the body are mirrored by involuntary movements of the other side. These mutations change single protein building blocks (amino acids) in the netrin-1 receptor or introduce a premature stop signal in the instructions for making the protein, resulting in an impaired or missing protein. Insufficient functional netrin-1 receptor protein impairs control of axon growth during nervous system development. As a result, movement signals from each half of the brain are abnormally transmitted to both sides of the body, leading to mirror movements.
- cancers - associated with the DCC gene
- Deletions of genetic material that include the DCC gene have been found in more than 70 percent of colorectal cancers, as well as other cancerous tumors. This deletion is not inherited and is found only in the tumor cells. Deletion of the DCC gene results in the absence of the netrin-1 receptor. As a result, the netrin-1 receptor is not available to trigger apoptosis, resulting in the uncontrolled cell growth and division that leads to cancer.
Where is the DCC gene located?
Cytogenetic Location: 18q21.3
Molecular Location on chromosome 18: base pairs 52,340,171 to 53,535,902
The DCC gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 18 at position 21.3.
More precisely, the DCC gene is located from base pair 52,340,171 to base pair 53,535,902 on chromosome 18.
See How do geneticists indicate the location of a gene? in the Handbook.
Where can I find additional information about DCC?
You and your healthcare professional may find the following resources about DCC helpful.
- Educational resources - Information pages
- Gene
Reviews - Clinical summary - Genetic Testing Registry - Repository of genetic test information (1 link)
You may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for genetics professionals and researchers.
PubMed - Recent literature- OMIM - Genetic disorder catalog (2 links)
- Research Resources - Tools for researchers (6 links)
What other names do people use for the DCC gene or gene products?
- colorectal cancer suppressor
- colorectal tumor suppressor
- CRC18
- CRCR1
- DCC_HUMAN
- deleted in colorectal cancer protein
- deleted in colorectal carcinoma
- IGDCC1
- immunoglobulin superfamily DCC subclass member 1
- immunoglobulin superfamily, DCC subclass, member 1
- MRMV1
- netrin receptor DCC
- NTN1R1
- tumor suppressor protein DCC
See How are genetic conditions and genes named? in the Handbook.
Where can I find general information about genes?
The Handbook provides basic information about genetics in clear language.
- What is DNA?
- What is a gene?
- How do genes direct the production of proteins?
- How can gene mutations affect health and development?
These links provide additional genetics resources that may be useful.
What glossary definitions help with understanding DCC?
acids ; apoptosis ; axons ; cancer ; carcinoma ; cell ; cell membrane ; colorectal ; congenital ;deletion ; extracellular ; gene ; immunoglobulin ; inherited ; intracellular ; involuntary ; ligand ;nerve cell ; nervous system ; protein ; receptor ; transmembrane ; tumor
You may find definitions for these and many other terms in the Genetics Home Reference Glossary.
See also Understanding Medical Terminology.
References (11 links)
The resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Users seeking information about a personal genetic disease, syndrome, or condition should consult with a qualified healthcare professional. See How can I find a genetics professional in my area? in the Handbook
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