2019 update of the WSES guidelines for management of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficileinfection in surgical patients

Massimo SartelliEmail author,
Stefano Di Bella,
Lynne V. McFarland,
Sahil Khanna,
Luis Furuya-Kanamori,
Nadir Abuzeid,
Fikri M. Abu-Zidan,
Luca Ansaloni,
Goran Augustin,
Miklosh Bala,
Offir Ben-Ishay,
Walter L. Biffl,
Stephen M. Brecher,
Adrián Camacho-Ortiz,
Miguel A. Caínzos,
Shirley Chan,
Jill R. Cherry-Bukowiec,
Jesse Clanton,
Federico Coccolini,
Maria E. Cocuz,
Raul Coimbra,
Francesco Cortese,
Yunfeng Cui,
Jacek Czepiel,
Zaza Demetrashvili,
Isidoro Di Carlo,
Salomone Di Saverio,
Irina M. Dumitru,
Christian Eckmann,
Edward H. Eiland,
Joseph D. Forrester,
Gustavo P. Fraga,
Jean L. Frossard,
Donald E. Fry,
Rita Galeiras,
Wagih Ghnnam,
Carlos A. Gomes,
Ewen A. Griffiths,
Xavier Guirao,
Mohamed H. Ahmed,
Torsten Herzog,
Jae Il Kim,
Tariq Iqbal,
Arda Isik,
Kamal M. F. Itani,
Francesco M. Labricciosa,
Yeong Y. Lee,
Paul Juang,
Aleksandar Karamarkovic,
Peter K. Kim,
Yoram Kluger,
Ari Leppaniemi,
Varut Lohsiriwat,
Gustavo M. Machain,
Sanjay Marwah,
John E. Mazuski,
Gokhan Metan,
Ernest E. Moore,
Frederick A. Moore,
Carlos A. Ordoñez,
Leonardo Pagani,
Nicola Petrosillo,
Francisco Portela,
Kemal Rasa,
Miran Rems,
Boris E. Sakakushev,
Helmut Segovia-Lohse,
Gabriele Sganga,
Vishal G. Shelat,
Patrizia Spigaglia,
Pierre Tattevin,
Cristian Tranà,
Libor Urbánek,
Jan Ulrych,
Pierluigi Viale,
Gian L. Baiocchi and
Fausto Catena

World Journal of Emergency Surgery201914:8

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13017-019-0228-3

Received: 28 January 2019
Accepted: 17 February 2019
Published: 28 February 2019

Abstract

In the last three decades, Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has increased in incidence and severity in many countries worldwide. The increase in CDI incidence has been particularly apparent among surgical patients. Therefore, prevention of CDI and optimization of management in the surgical patient are paramount. An international multidisciplinary panel of experts from the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) updated its guidelines for management of CDI in surgical patients according to the most recent available literature. The update includes recent changes introduced in the management of this infection.