LMBRD1

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What is the official name of the LMBRD1 gene?

The official name of this gene is “LMBR1 domain containing 1.”

LMBRD1 is the gene's official symbol. The LMBRD1 gene is also known by other names, listed below.

Read more about gene names and symbols on the About page.

What is the normal function of the LMBRD1 gene?

The LMBRD1 gene provides instructions for making a protein, called LMBD1, that is involved in the conversion of vitamin B12 (also known as cobalamin) into one of two molecules, adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) or methylcobalamin (MeCbl). AdoCbl is required for the normal function of an enzyme known as methylmalonyl CoA mutase. This enzyme helps break down certain protein building blocks (amino acids), fats (lipids), and cholesterol. AdoCbl is called a cofactor because it helps methylmalonyl CoA mutase carry out its function. MeCbl is also a cofactor, but for an enzyme known as methionine synthase. This enzyme converts the amino acid homocysteine to another amino acid, methionine. The body uses methionine to make proteins and other important compounds.

The LMBD1 protein is found in the membrane that surrounds cell structures called lysosomes. Lysosomes are compartments within cells in which enzymes digest and recycle materials. In the lysosomal membrane, the LMBD1 protein interacts with another protein called ABCD4 (produced from the ABCD4 gene). Together, these two proteins transport vitamin B12 out of lysosomes, making it available for further processing into AdoCbl and MeCbl.

Studies suggest that the LMBD1 protein is also found in the membrane that surrounds the cell (the plasma membrane). Here, the protein appears to be involved in removing another protein called the insulin receptor from the membrane. Removal of this receptor helps regulate insulin signaling, which controls blood sugar levels in the body.

Another version (isoform) of the LMBD1 protein, sometimes called NESI, can also be produced from the LMBRD1 gene. This protein interacts with a region called the nuclear export signal (NES) of a protein that forms a piece of the hepatitis D virus. It is thought that interaction with NESI aids in the assembly of the virus. The hepatitis D virus can cause liver disease, although infection is rare and requires co-infection with a related virus called hepatitis B.

How are changes in the LMBRD1 gene related to health conditions?

methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria - caused by mutations in the LMBRD1 gene: At least nine mutations in the LMBRD1 gene have been found to cause methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria, cblF type, one form of a disorder that causes developmental delay, eye defects, neurological problems, and blood abnormalities. LMBRD1 gene mutations involved in this condition lead to production of an abnormally short LMBD1 protein that is unable to function. A shortage of functional LMBD1 protein prevents the release of vitamin B12 from lysosomes, so the vitamin is unavailable for the production of AdoCbl and MeCbl. Because both of these cofactors are missing, the enzymes that require them (methylmalonyl CoA mutase and methionine synthase) do not function normally. As a result, certain amino acids, lipids, and cholesterol are not broken down and homocysteine cannot be converted to methionine. This dual defect results in a buildup of toxic compounds as well as homocysteine, and a decrease in the production of methionine within the body. This combination of imbalances leads to the signs and symptoms of methylmalonic acidemia with homocystinuria.

Where is the LMBRD1 gene located?

Cytogenetic Location: 6q13

Molecular Location on chromosome 6: base pairs 69,675,749 to 69,797,157

(Homo sapiens Annotation Release 107, GRCh38.p2) (NCBI

)

The LMBRD1 gene is located on the long (q) arm of chromosome 6 at position 13.

More precisely, the LMBRD1 gene is located from base pair 69,675,749 to base pair 69,797,157 on chromosome 6.

See How do geneticists indicate the location of a gene? in the Handbook.

Where can I find additional information about LMBRD1?

You and your healthcare professional may find the following resources about LMBRD1 helpful.

Gene Reviews - Clinical summary
Genetic Testing Registry - Repository of genetic test information (1 link)

You may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for genetics professionals and researchers.

PubMed - Recent literature
OMIM - Genetic disorder catalog
Research Resources - Tools for researchers (3 links)

What other names do people use for the LMBRD1 gene or gene products?

bA810I22.1
C6orf209
cblF
FLJ11240
HDAg-L-interacting protein NESI
hepatitis delta antigen-L interacting protein
liver regeneration p-53 related protein
LMBD1
MAHCF
NESI
nuclear export signal-interacting protein
probable lysosomal cobalamin transporter

See How are genetic conditions and genes named? in the Handbook.

Where can I find general information about genes?

The Handbook provides basic information about genetics in clear language.

These links provide additional genetics resources that may be useful.

What glossary definitions help with understanding LMBRD1?

acids ; amino acid ; cell ; cholesterol ; CoA ; cobalamin ; cofactor ; developmental delay ; domain ;enzyme ; gene ; hepatitis ; infection ; insulin ; methionine ; neurological ; plasma ;plasma membrane ; protein ; receptor ; toxic ; virus ; vitamin B12

You may find definitions for these and many other terms in the Genetics Home Reference Glossary.

References (6 links)

The resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Users seeking information about a personal genetic disease, syndrome, or condition should consult with a qualified healthcare professional. See How can I find a genetics professional in my area? in the Handbook