Childhood Liver Cancer Treatment–for health professionals (PDQ®)

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Changes to This Summary (01/28/2016)

The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.

Tumor Stratification by Imaging and Postsurgical Staging for Childhood Liver Cancer

Added Venkatramani et al. as reference 5.

Revised Table 1 to include additional PRETEXT annotations.

Treatment Option Overview for Childhood Liver Cancer

Added text to state that POSTTEXT imaging grouping is performed after two and four cycles of chemotherapy to determine the optimal time for definitive surgery (cited Venkatramani et al. as reference 13).

Added text to state that the standard of care in the United States is preoperative chemotherapy when the tumor is unresectable and postoperative chemotherapy after complete resection, even if preoperative chemotherapy has already been given.

Hepatoblastoma

Added Tan et al. as reference 17.

Added text to state that these tumors are treated differently than tumors of other stages and histologies.

Added text to state that in advanced tumors, surgical treatment of hepatoblastoma is a demanding procedure. Postoperative complications in high-risk patients decrease the rate of overall survival (cited Becker et al. as reference 36).

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Added text to state that although the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in adults in the United States has steadily increased since the 1970s, possibly because of the increased frequency of chronic hepatitis C infection, the incidence in children has not increased.

Added text to state that a meta-analysis found seven randomized trials that compared resection alone versus transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by resection. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) showed no difference between the two groups, but the 5-year EFS and OS favored TACE followed by resection (cited Yu et al. as reference 31).

This summary is written and maintained by the PDQ Pediatric Treatment Editorial Board, which is editorially independent of NCI. The summary reflects an independent review of the literature and does not represent a policy statement of NCI or NIH. More information about summary policies and the role of the PDQ Editorial Boards in maintaining the PDQ summaries can be found on the About This PDQ Summary and PDQ® - NCI's Comprehensive Cancer Database pages.

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