jueves, 21 de agosto de 2014

Denervation suppresses gastric tumorigenesis

Denervation suppresses gastric tumorigenesis



ci Transl Med
Vol. 6, Issue 250, p. 250ra115 
Sci. Transl. Med. DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009569
  • RESEARCH ARTICLE
CANCER

Denervation suppresses gastric tumorigenesis

  1. Duan Chen1,
+Author Affiliations
  1. 1Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim 7491, Norway.
  2. 2Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032–3802, USA.
  3. 3Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA 02139, USA.
  4. 4Medizinische Klinik III, Klinikum der Universität München, Campus Groβhadern, 81377 München, Germany.
  5. 5Department of Surgery, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway.
  6. 6Biomedical Informatics Shared Resource, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
  7. 7Department of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim 7006, Norway.
  8. 8Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1112, Japan.
  9. 9II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München 81675, Germany.
  10. 10Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
  11. 11Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba 277-8577, Japan.
+Author Notes
  • * These authors contributed equally to this work.
  1. Corresponding authors. E-mails: duan.chen@ntnu.no (D.C.); tcw21@columbia.edu (T.C.W.)

    Abstract

    The nervous system plays an important role in the regulation of epithelial homeostasis and has also been postulated to play a role in tumorigenesis. We provide evidence that proper innervation is critical at all stages of gastric tumorigenesis. In three separate mouse models of gastric cancer, surgical or pharmacological denervation of the stomach (bilateral or unilateral truncal vagotomy, or local injection of botulinum toxin type A) markedly reduced tumor incidence and progression, but only in the denervated portion of the stomach. Vagotomy or botulinum toxin type A treatment also enhanced the therapeutic effects of systemic chemotherapy and prolonged survival. Denervation-induced suppression of tumorigenesis was associated with inhibition of Wnt signaling and suppression of stem cell expansion. In gastric organoid cultures, neurons stimulated growth in a Wnt-mediated fashion through cholinergic signaling. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition or genetic knockout of the muscarinic acetylcholine M3 receptor suppressed gastric tumorigenesis. In gastric cancer patients, tumor stage correlated with neural density and activated Wnt signaling, whereas vagotomy reduced the risk of gastric cancer. Together, our findings suggest that vagal innervation contributes to gastric tumorigenesis via M3receptor–mediated Wnt signaling in the stem cells, and that denervation might represent a feasible strategy for the control of gastric cancer.
    Citation: C-M. Zhao, Y. Hayakawa, Y. Kodama, S. Muthupalani, C. B. Westphalen, G. T. Andersen, A. Flatberg, H. Johannessen, R. A. Friedman, B. W. Renz, A. K. Sandvik, V. Beisvag, H. Tomita, A. Hara, M. Quante, Z. Li, M. D. Gershon, K. Kaneko, J. G. Fox, T. C. Wang, D. Chen, Denervation suppresses gastric tumorigenesis. Sci. Transl. Med. 6250ra115 (2014).


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