Foodborne Illness
Also called: Food PoisoningMEDICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA
National Institutes of Health
Other Languages
Each year, around 48 million people in the United States get sick from contaminated food. Common causes include bacteria and viruses. Less often, the cause may be a parasite or a harmful chemical, such as a high amount of pesticides. Symptoms of foodborne illness depend on the cause. They can be mild or serious. They usually include
- Upset stomach
- Abdominal cramps
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Fever
- Dehydration
Most foodborne illnesses are acute. This means that they happen suddenly and last a short time.
It takes several steps to get food from the farm or fishery to your dining table. Contamination can happen during any of these steps. For example, it can happen to
- Raw meat during slaughter
- Fruits and vegetables when they are growing or when they are processed
- Refrigerated foods when they are left on a loading dock in warm weather
But it can also happen in your kitchen if you leave food out for more than 2 hours at room temperature. Handling food safely can help prevent foodborne illnesses.
Most people with foodborne illness get better on their own. It is important to replace lost fluids and electrolytes to prevent dehydration. If your health care provider can diagnose the specific cause, you may get medicines such as antibiotics to treat it. For more serious illness, you may need treatment at a hospital.
NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
- Be Food Safe: Protect Yourself from Food Poisoning (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Food Poisoning (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
- Foodborne Germs and Illnesses (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- Foodborne Illness-Causing Organisms in the U.S.: What You Need to Know (Food and Drug Administration) - PDF
- Foodborne Illnesses
(National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases)Also in Spanish
- Bacteria Culture Test (National Library of Medicine)Also in Spanish
- Ova and Parasite Test (National Library of Medicine)Also in Spanish
- Stool Culture (American Association for Clinical Chemistry)
- Stool Tests (Nemours Foundation)Also in Spanish
- CDC Vital Signs: Preventing Norovirus Outbreaks (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- CDC Vital Signs: Safer Food Saves Lives (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- Food Safety: MedlinePlus Health Topic (National Library of Medicine)Also in Spanish
- How to Report a Foodborne Illness (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Long Term Effects of Food Poisoning (Department of Health and Human Services)
- Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (National Office for Marine Biotoxins and Harmful Algal Blooms)
- CDC Vital Signs: Recipe for Food Safety (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Chicken and Food Poisoning (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (National Office for Marine Biotoxins and Harmful Algal Blooms)
- Norovirus (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Oysters and Vibriosis (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- Parasites and Foodborne Illness (Department of Agriculture, Food Safety and Inspection Service)Also in Spanish
- Shigellosis (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)
- Trichinellosis (also known as Trichinosis) FAQs (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Vibrio vulnificus (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- Least Wanted Foodborne Pathogens (Partnership for Food Safety Education) - PDF
- Enviromysteries: Inside Stories: Frankie's Story
(Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Maryland Public Television)
- CDC Vital Signs: Making Food Safer to Eat (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Estimates of Foodborne Illness in the United States -- Burden of Foodborne Illness: Findings (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- ClinicalTrials.gov: Campylobacter Infections (National Institutes of Health)
- ClinicalTrials.gov: Foodborne Diseases (National Institutes of Health)
- Amebiasis (For Parents) (Nemours Foundation)
- Food Poisoning (Nemours Foundation)
- Learn About Cronobacter Infection (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)Also in Spanish
- Shigella Infections (Nemours Foundation)Also in Spanish
- Yersiniosis (For Parents) (Nemours Foundation)
- Gastrointestinal Infections and Diarrhea (Nemours Foundation)
- Shigellosis (Nemours Foundation)
- Foods to Avoid or Limit during Pregnancy (March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation)Also in Spanish
- Food poisoning (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Foodborne Illness-Causing Organisms in the U.S.: What You Need to Know (Food and Drug Administration) - PDF
- Gastritis (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Poisoning - fish and shellfish (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
- Shigellosis (Medical Encyclopedia)Also in Spanish
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