A service of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
National Institutes of HealthThe prostate is the gland below a man's bladder that produces fluid for semen. Prostate cancer is common among older men. It is rare in men younger than 40. Risk factors for developing prostate cancer include being over 65 years of age, family history, being African-American, and some genetic changes.
Symptoms of prostate cancer may include
- Problems passing urine, such as pain, difficulty starting or stopping the stream, or dribbling
- Low back pain
- Pain with ejaculation
Your doctor will diagnose prostate cancer by feeling the prostate through the wall of the rectum or doing a blood test for prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Other tests include ultrasound, x-rays, or a biopsy.
Treatment often depends on the stage of the cancer. How fast the cancer grows and how different it is from surrounding tissue helps determine the stage. Men with prostate cancer have many treatment options. The treatment that's best for one man may not be best for another. The options include watchful waiting, surgery, radiation therapy, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. You may have a combination of treatments.
NIH: National Cancer Institute
MEDICAL ENCYCLOPEDIA
National Institutes of Health
- The primary NIH organization for research on Prostate Cancer is theNational Cancer Institute
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- Arabic (العربية)
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NIH MedlinePlus Magazine
Start Here
- Prostate Cancer
(National Cancer Institute)
- Prostate Cancer - What Is It?
(Patient Education Institute)
- Also available in Spanish
- What You Need to Know about Prostate Cancer
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate Cancer
Overviews
- General Information about Prostate Cancer
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate Cancer(Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
- What is Prostate Cancer?(American Cancer Society)
- General Information about Prostate Cancer
Latest News
- New Guidelines for Treating Advanced Prostate Cancer(09/08/2014, HealthDay)
- Watchful Waiting May Not Be Best for Black Men with Prostate Cancer(09/08/2014, HealthDay)
- Faced with Prostate Cancer, It Helps to Know the Enemy(08/29/2014, HealthDay)
- More News on Prostate Cancer
Diagnosis/Symptoms
- Can Prostate Cancer Be Found Early?(American Cancer Society)
- Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)(American Society of Clinical Oncology)
- Medical Tests for Prostate Problems
- MRI of the Prostate(Radiological Society of North America, American College of Radiology)
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate Cancer Symptoms(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
- Prostate Ultrasound(Radiological Society of North America, American College of Radiology)
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test
- Also available in Spanish
- PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen)(American Association for Clinical Chemistry)
- Stages of Prostate Cancer
- Understanding Prostate Cancer: Newly Diagnosed(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
Treatment
- Advanced Prostate Cancer(Urology Care Foundation)
- Drugs Approved for Prostate Cancer
- Hormone Therapy for Prostate Cancer
- Prostate Cancer (Radiation Therapy)(Radiological Society of North America, American College of Radiology)
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate Cancer: Chemotherapy(Urology Care Foundation)
- Prostate Cancer: Cryoablation Treatment(Urology Care Foundation)
- Prostate Cancer: Surgical Management(Urology Care Foundation)
- Prostatectomy - slideshow
- Also available in Spanish
- Treating Prostate Cancer: A Guide for Men with Localized Prostate Cancer(Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)
- Treatment Choices for Men with Early-Stage Prostate Cancer
- Treatment Option Overview (Prostate Cancer)
- Treatment Options by Stage (Prostate Cancer)
- Vaccine Treatment for Prostate Cancer(American Cancer Society)
- Return to top
Prevention/Screening
- Common Prostate Cancer Questions Answered(American Cancer Society)
- Prostate Cancer Prevention
- Prostate Cancer Screening
- Prostate Cancer: Take Time to Decide(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- Also available in Spanish
- Revised Prostate Cancer Screening Guidelines: What Has--and Hasn't--Changed(American Cancer Society)
- Screening for Prostate Cancer(American College of Physicians) - PDF
- Return to top
Alternative Therapy
- Complementary and Alternative Therapies(American Cancer Society)
- PC-SPES (PDQ)
- Return to top
Nutrition
- Nutrition and Wellness(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
- Return to top
Disease Management
- Preventing and Treating Prostate Cancer Spread to Bone(American Cancer Society)
- Side Effects of Chemotherapy(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
- Side Effects of Hormone Therapy(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
- Return to top
Specific Conditions
- Prostate Adenocarcinoma(College of American Pathologists) - PDF
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Related Issues
- Bowel Dysfunction(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
- Erectile Dysfunction(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
- How Will Cancer Affect My Sex Life?(American Cancer Society)
- Living with Prostate Cancer(American Cancer Society)
- Loss of Fertility(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
- Urinary Dysfunction(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
- What Happens After Treatment for Prostate Cancer?(American Cancer Society)
- What Prostate Cancer Survivors Need to Know about Osteoporosis
- Return to top
Health Check Tools
- Localized Prostate Cancer(Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)
- Prostate Cancer Risk Questionnaire(Siteman Cancer Center)
- Return to top
Tutorials
- Prostate Cancer
- Prostate Cancer - What Is It?(Patient Education Institute)
- Also available in Spanish
- Return to top
- Prostate Cancer
Videos
- African American Men and Prostate Cancer
- Detecting Prostate Cancer
- External Radiation Therapy
- Road to Recovery from Prostate Cancer(OR-Live) - Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY, 9/13/2008
- Robot-Assisted Prostatectomy(OR-Live) - South Miami Hospital, Miami, FL 1/19/2010
- Also available in Spanish
- Robotic Prostatectomy(OR-Live) - St. Francis Hospital, Greenville, SC, 04/10/2013
- What Is Prostate Cancer?
- Return to top
- African American Men and Prostate Cancer
Anatomy/Physiology
- About the Prostate(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
- What Is Your Prostate?(Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)
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Financial Issues
- Prostate Cancer Screening (PSA)(Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services)
- Return to top
Clinical Trials
- ClinicalTrials.gov: Prostatic Neoplasms
- Return to top
- ClinicalTrials.gov: Prostatic Neoplasms
Genetics
- Learning about Prostate Cancer
- Return to top
- Learning about Prostate Cancer
Research
- Cialis (Tadalafil) Does Not Prevent Erectile Dysfunction in Prostate Cancer Patients(American Cancer Society)
- Finasteride Reduces the Risk of Low-Grade Prostate Cancer in Men 55 and Older
- Prostate Cancer
- Radium-223 Improves Survival in Patients with Advanced Prostate Cancer
- What's New in Prostate Cancer Research and Treatment?(American Cancer Society)
- Also available in Spanish
- Return to top
Journal Articles
References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)Dictionaries/Glossaries
- Glossary of Prostate Cancer Terms(Prostate Cancer Foundation)
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Directories
- Directory of Kidney and Urologic Diseases Organizations
- Find a Cancer Doctor(American Society of Clinical Oncology)
- Find a Radiation Oncologist(American Society for Radiation Oncology)
- Find a Urologist(Urology Care Foundation)
- Organizations That Offer Support Services
- Return to top
- Directory of Kidney and Urologic Diseases Organizations
Organizations
Statistics
- Cancer of the Prostate
- FastStats: Prostate Disease(National Center for Health Statistics)
- Prostate Cancer Rates by Race and Ethnicity(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
- What Are the Key Statistics for Prostate Cancer?(American Cancer Society)
- Return to top
- Cancer of the Prostate
Patient Handouts
- After chemotherapy - discharge
- Also available in Spanish
- Digital rectal exam
- Also available in Spanish
- Pelvic (between the hips) radiation - discharge
- Also available in Spanish
- Pelvic CT scan
- Also available in Spanish
- Pelvis MRI scan
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate brachytherapy
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate brachytherapy - discharge
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate cancer
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate cancer - treatment
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate cancer staging
- Also available in Spanish
- Prostate radiation - discharge
- Also available in Spanish
- PSA
- Also available in Spanish
- Radical prostatectomy
- Also available in Spanish
- Radical prostatectomy - discharge
- Also available in Spanish
- Understanding Chemotherapy
- Also available in Spanish
- What to Know about Brachytherapy (A Type of Internal Radiation Therapy)
- What to Know about External Beam Radiation Therapy
- Return to top
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