Disease
Giardia trophozoites stained with trichrome. Credit: Waterborne Disease Prevention Branch, CDC
Giardiasis is the most frequently diagnosed intestinal parasitic disease in the United States and among travelers with chronic diarrhea[1]. Signs and symptoms may vary and can last for 1 to 2 weeks or longer[2,5]. In some cases, people infected with Giardia have no symptoms[2-4].
- Diarrhea
- Gas
- Greasy stools that tend to float
- Stomach or abdominal cramps
- Upset stomach or nausea/vomiting
- Dehydration (loss of fluids)
Other, less common symptoms include itchy skin, hives, and swelling of the eye and joints[2,7,8]. Sometimes, the symptoms of giardiasis might seem to resolve, only to come back again after several days or weeks. Giardiasis can cause weight loss and failure to absorb fat, lactose, vitamin A and vitamin B12[2,4,9-12].
References
- Huang DB, White AC. An updated review on Cryptosporidium and Giardia.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2006;35(2):291-314, viii.
- Robertson LJ, Hanevik K, Escobedo AA, Morch K, Langeland N. Giardiasis--why do the symptoms sometimes never stop?
Trends Parasitol. 2010;26(2):75-82.
- Nash TE, Herrington DA, Losonsky GA, Levine MM. Experimental human infections with Giardia lamblia.
J Infect Dis. 1987;156(6):974-84.
- Gardner TB, Hill DR. Treatment of giardiasis.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 2001;14(1):114-28.
- Escobedo AA, Cimerman S. Giardiasis: a pharmacotherapy review.
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007;8(12):1885-1902.
- Farthing MJ. Giardiasis.
Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 1996;25(3):493-515.
- Wolfe MS. Giardiasis.
Clin Microbiol Rev. 1992;5(1):93-100.
- Borman P, Seckin U, Ozoran K. Beaver fever--a rare cause of reactive arthritis.
J Rheumatol. 2001;28(3):683.
- Hill DR. Giardia lamblia. In: Gillespie SH, Pearson RD, eds. Principles and practice of clinical parasitology. Chisester, England: Joan Wiley & Sons; 2001.
- Notis WM. Giardiasis and vitamin B 12 malabsorption. Gastroenterology. 1972;63(6):1085.
- Farthing MJ. Giardia comes of age: progress in epidemiology, immunology and chemotherapy.
[PDF - 4 pages]
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1992;30(5):563-6.
- Solomons NW. Giardiasis: nutritional implications.
Rev Infect Dis. 1982;4(4):859-69.
- Sullivan PB, Marsh MN, Phillips MB, et al. Prevalence and treatment of giardiasis in chronic diarrhoea and malnutrition.
Arch Dis Child. 1991;66(3):304-6.
- Farthing MJ, Mata L, Urrutia JJ, Kronmal RA. Natural history of Giardia infection of infants and children in rural Guatemala and its impact on physical growth.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1986;43(3):395-405.
- Berkman DS, Lescano AG, Gilman RH, Lopez SL, Black MM. Effects of stunting, diarrhoeal disease, and parasitic infection during infancy on cognition in late childhood: a follow-up study.
Lancet. 2002;359(9306):564-71.
- Newman RD, Moore SR, Lima AA, Nataro JP, Guerrant RL, Sears CL. A longitudinal study of Giardia lamblia infection in north-east Brazilian children.
Trop Med Int Health. 2001;6(8):624-34.
- Botero-Garces JH, Garcia-Montoya GM, Grisales-Patino D, Aguirre-Acevedo DC, Alvarez-Uribe MC.Giardia intestinalis and nutritional status in children participating in the complementary nutrition program, Antioquia, Colombia, May to October 2006.
Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 2009;51(3):155-62.
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario