domingo, 3 de noviembre de 2013

Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

  • Article

  • Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

    1. Corrine K. Welt
    - Author Affiliations
    1. The Penn State University College of Medicine (R.S.L.), Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033; Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh (S.A.A), University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224; University of Chicago (D.A.E.), Chicago, Illinois 60637; University of Rochester Medical Center (K.M.H.), Rochester, New York 14627; Mayo Clinic (M.H.M.), Rochester, Minnesota 55905; Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University Alma Mater Studiorum, (R.P.), 40126 Bologna, Italy; and Massachusetts General Hospital (C.K.W.), Boston, Massachusetts 02114
    1. Address all correspondence and requests for reprints to: Dr Richard S Legro, MD, Professor, The Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 500 University Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033. E-mail: rsl1@psu.edu.

    Abstract

    Objective: The aim was to formulate practice guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
    Participants: An Endocrine Society-appointed Task Force of experts, a methodologist, and a medical writer developed the guideline.
    Evidence: This evidence-based guideline was developed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system to describe both the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence.
    Consensus Process: One group meeting, several conference calls, and e-mail communications enabled consensus. Committees and members of The Endocrine Society and the European Society of Endocrinology reviewed and commented on preliminary drafts of these guidelines. Two systematic reviews were conducted to summarize supporting evidence.
    Conclusions: We suggest using the Rotterdam criteria for diagnosing PCOS (presence of two of the following criteria: androgen excess, ovulatory dysfunction, or polycystic ovaries). Establishing a diagnosis of PCOS is problematic in adolescents and menopausal women. Hyperandrogenism is central to the presentation in adolescents, whereas there is no consistent phenotype in postmenopausal women. Evaluation of women with PCOS should exclude alternate androgen-excess disorders and risk factors for endometrial cancer, mood disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Hormonal contraceptives are the first-line management for menstrual abnormalities and hirsutism/acne in PCOS. Clomiphene is currently the first-line therapy for infertility; metformin is beneficial for metabolic/glycemic abnormalities and for improving menstrual irregularities, but it has limited or no benefit in treating hirsutism, acne, or infertility. Hormonal contraceptives and metformin are the treatment options in adolescents with PCOS. The role of weight loss in improving PCOS status per se is uncertain, but lifestyle intervention is beneficial in overweight/obese patients for other health benefits. Thiazolidinediones have an unfavorable risk-benefit ratio overall, and statins require further study.
    • Received May 24, 2013.
    • Accepted September 26, 2013.

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