CIENCIASMEDICASNEWS: Health News and Information - News Medical - Genetics

miércoles, 25 de abril de 2018

Health News and Information - News Medical - Genetics - Apr 25, 2018 Edition

Health News and Information - News Medical

	April 25, 2018
	Genetics
	The latest Genetics news from News Medical

FDA Approves First Ever NGS-Based Companion Diagnostic

A next generation sequencing (NGS)-based companion diagnostic, with the potential to detect multiple lung cancer mutations, has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

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			New technique harnesses 'natural barcodes' to facilitate better cell tracking Each of us carries in our genomes about 10 million genetic variations called single nucleotide polymorphisms, which represent a difference of just one letter in the genetic code.

			Gene Therapy for Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is a rare genetic condition characterized by a lack of B- and T-lymphocytes, which form part of the adaptive immune system.

	Scientists use haploid stem cells to create an atlas of the human genome Researchers have used a sophisticated gene-editing technology to create a new type of embryonic stem cell and an atlas of the human genome.

	Genome editing identifies neural circuit behind leptin’s anti-obesity and anti-diabetes effects Revealing surprising answers to a long-standing enigma about the brain target of the anti-obesity hormone leptin, neuroscientists at Tufts University School of Medicine have used CRISPR genome editing to identify a neural circuit in the hypothalamus as the primary mechanism in mediating leptin's anti-obesity and anti-diabetes effects and have identified two distinct mechanisms underlying leptin's inhibition of appetite.

	Scientists identify gene responsible for evolution of recombination rates Genetics is a crapshoot. During sexual reproduction, genes from both the mother and the father mix and mingle to produce a genetic combination unique to each offspring. In most cases, the chromosomes line up properly and crossover. In some unlucky cases, however, "selfish DNA" enters the mix, causing abnormal crossovers with deletions or insertions in chromosomes, which can manifest as birth defects.

	Researchers discover genetic catalysts that accelerate evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria Researchers at Oxford University have shown that it is possible to identify genetic catalysts that accelerate the evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria - and that this knowledge could be used to design treatments to stifle the development of resistance.

	Study examines how higher-order gene combinations help maintain normal cell physiology We inherit many traits from our parents including the color of our eyes and hair. Unfortunately, we also inherit risk factors for certain diseases such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. Understanding those genetic connections can help prevention efforts and develop new life-saving treatments to combat these diseases.

	Genetic make-up impacts long-term effectiveness of phobia treatment Researchers have discovered that variations in the efficacy of psychological treatment for phobias are associated with the serotonin transporter gene.