Immune therapy engineered inside the body eases multiple sclerosis Results from a small trial suggest a modified virus can instruct the immune system to wipe out disease-causing cells. By Rachel Fieldhouse

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-02765-1?utm_source=Live+Audience&utm_campaign=4dd3d42714-nature-briefing-daily-20260904&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_-33f35e09ea-50432164 Sixteen people with autoimmune conditions have had their symptoms relieved by a treatment that produces disease-fighting immune cells inside their bodies. Researchers used a modified virus to deliver the genetic instructions for making chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) on participants’ T cells. These CAR T cells target antibodies produced by other immune cells, which attack the body’s own healthy tissue in autoimmune diseases. The findings are a proof of concept for in vivo CAR-T-cell therapy, says clinician-researcher David Simon, which is cheaper and faster to produce than is lab-made CAR-T.