Personalized Preventive Medicine: Genetics and the Response to Regular Exercise in Preventive Interventions
Abstract
Regular exercise and a physically active lifestyle have favorable effects on health. Several issues related to this theme are addressed in this report. A comment on the requirements of personalized exercise medicine and in-depth biological profiling along with the opportunities that they offer is presented. This is followed by a brief overview of the evidence for the contributions of genetic differences to the ability to benefit from regular exercise. Subsequently, studies showing that mutations in TP53 influence exercise capacity in mice and humans are succinctly described. The evidence for effects of exercise on endothelial function in health and disease also is covered. Finally, changes in cardiac and skeletal muscle in response to exercise and their implications for patients with cardiac disease are summarized. Innovative research strategies are needed to define the molecular mechanisms involved in adaptation to exercise and to translate them into useful clinical and public health applications.
Abbreviations and Acronyms
- ACSL1, Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 1;
- CREB1, cAMP responsive element binding protein 1;
- CHD, Coronary heart disease;
- CRF, Cardiorespiratory fitness;
- CVD, Cardiovascular disease;
- GWAS, Genome-Wide Association Studies;
- FMD, Flow-mediated dilation;
- HF, Heart failire;
- HR50, Heart rate at 50 W;
- IGF-1, Insulin-like growth factor 1;
- IL, Interleukin;
- KIF5B, Kinesin family member 5B;
- LFS, Li-Fraumeni syndrome;
- mtDNA, Mitochondrial DNA;
- MZ, Monozygotic;
- NO, Nitric oxide;
- NFAT, Nuclear calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells;
- 31P-MRS, P-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy;
- PA,Physical activity;
- PCr, Phosphocreatine;
- QTL, Quantitative trait loci;
- SERCA2, Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2 + ATPase 2;
- SNPs, Single nucleotide polymorphisms;
- TNF-α Tumor protein 53 – p53,Tumor necrosis factor-α;
- VO2Max, Maximal oxygen consumption
Keywords
- Personalized medicine;
- individual differences;
- genetics;
- mitochondria;
- endothelium
Copyright © 2014 Published by Elsevier Inc.
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario