lunes, 11 de agosto de 2014

Breast-Cancer Risk in Families with Mutations in PALB2 — NEJM

Breast-Cancer Risk in Families with Mutations in PALB2 — NEJM



Breast-Cancer Risk in Families with Mutations in PALB2

Antonis C. Antoniou, Ph.D., Silvia Casadei, Ph.D., Tuomas Heikkinen, Ph.D., Daniel Barrowdale, B.Sc., Katri Pylkäs, Ph.D., Jonathan Roberts, B.Sc., Andrew Lee, Ph.D., Deepak Subramanian, M.B., B.Chir., Kim De Leeneer, Ph.D., Florentia Fostira, Ph.D., Eva Tomiak, M.D., Susan L. Neuhausen, Ph.D., Zhi L. Teo, Ph.D., Sofia Khan, Ph.D., Kristiina Aittomäki, M.D., Ph.D., Jukka S. Moilanen, M.D., Ph.D., Clare Turnbull, M.D., Ph.D., Sheila Seal, M.I.Biol., Arto Mannermaa, Ph.D., Anne Kallioniemi, M.D., Ph.D., Geoffrey J. Lindeman, F.R.A.C.P., Ph.D., Saundra S. Buys, M.D., Irene L. Andrulis, Ph.D., Paolo Radice, Ph.D., Carlo Tondini, M.D., Siranoush Manoukian, M.D., Amanda E. Toland, Ph.D., Penelope Miron, Ph.D., Jeffrey N. Weitzel, M.D., Susan M. Domchek, M.D., Bruce Poppe, M.D., Ph.D., Kathleen B.M. Claes, Ph.D., Drakoulis Yannoukakos, Ph.D., Patrick Concannon, Ph.D., Jonine L. Bernstein, Ph.D., Paul A. James, M.B., Ch.B., Ph.D., Douglas F. Easton, Ph.D., David E. Goldgar, Ph.D., John L. Hopper, Ph.D., Nazneen Rahman, M.D., Ph.D., Paolo Peterlongo, Ph.D., Heli Nevanlinna, Ph.D., Mary-Claire King, Ph.D., Fergus J. Couch, Ph.D., Melissa C. Southey, Ph.D., Robert Winqvist, Ph.D., William D. Foulkes, M.B., B.S., Ph.D., and Marc Tischkowitz, M.D., Ph.D.
N Engl J Med 2014; 371:497-506August 7, 2014DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1400382
 Comments open through August 13, 2014
Abstract
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References
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BACKGROUND

Germline loss-of-function mutations in PALB2 are known to confer a predisposition to breast cancer. However, the lifetime risk of breast cancer that is conferred by such mutations remains unknown.

METHODS

We analyzed the risk of breast cancer among 362 members of 154 families who had deleterious truncating, splice, or deletion mutations in PALB2. The age-specific breast-cancer risk for mutation carriers was estimated with the use of a modified segregation-analysis approach that allowed for the effects of PALB2 genotype and residual familial aggregation.

RESULTS

The risk of breast cancer for female PALB2 mutation carriers, as compared with the general population, was eight to nine times as high among those younger than 40 years of age, six to eight times as high among those 40 to 60 years of age, and five times as high among those older than 60 years of age. The estimated cumulative risk of breast cancer among female mutation carriers was 14% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9 to 20) by 50 years of age and 35% (95% CI, 26 to 46) by 70 years of age. Breast-cancer risk was also significantly influenced by birth cohort (P<0.001) and by other familial factors (P=0.04). The absolute breast-cancer risk for PALB2 female mutation carriers by 70 years of age ranged from 33% (95% CI, 25 to 44) for those with no family history of breast cancer to 58% (95% CI, 50 to 66) for those with two or more first-degree relatives with breast cancer at 50 years of age.

CONCLUSIONS

Loss-of-function mutations in PALB2 are an important cause of hereditary breast cancer, with respect both to the frequency of cancer-predisposing mutations and to the risk associated with them. Our data suggest the breast-cancer risk for PALB2 mutation carriers may overlap with that for BRCA2 mutation carriers. (Funded by the European Research Council and others.)

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