Enterococcus faecalis Clones in Poultry and in Humans with Urinary Tract Infections, Vietnam - Vol. 18 No. 7 - July 2012 - Emerging Infectious Disease journal - CDC
Bacteria articles
Volume 18, Number 7–July 2012
Volume 18, Number 7—July 2012
Research
Enterococcus faecalis Clones in Poultry and in Humans with Urinary Tract Infections, Vietnam
Abstract
Enterococcus spp. as pathogens have increased, but the sources of infection often remain unclear. To investigate whether poultry might be a reservoir for E. faecalis–associated urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans, we characterized E. faecalis isolates from patients in Vietnam with UTIs during January 2008–January 2010 and poultry living in close contact with them by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, analysis of antimicrobial drug susceptibility patterns, and sequencing of virulence genes. In 7 (23%) of 31 UTI cases, we detected identical MLST, indistinguishable or closely related pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns, and similar antimicrobial drug susceptibility patterns. Isolates from urine and poultry showed identical virulence gene profiles, except for 1 variation, and individual genes showed identical sequences. The homology of isolates from urine and poultry further indicates the zoonotic potential and global spread of E. faecalis sequence type 16, which recently was reported in humans with endocarditis and in pigs in Denmark.The sources of enterococcal infections in humans are not clear, but animal reservoirs have been suggested (2,4,7–9). A study comparing enterococcal isolates from 4 European countries and the United States demonstrated that E. faecalis isolated from pigs in Portugal had pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns identical to those of multidrug-resistant isolates at hospitals in Spain, Italy, and Portugal, all of which were shown by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to belong to sequence type (ST) 6 (7). In Denmark, high-level gentamicin-resistant E. faecalis of ST16 with an identical PFGE pattern was isolated from pigs and from humans with endocarditis (9). Identical and closely related PFGE patterns were demonstrated by isolates from humans and from pork and chicken meat in the United States, all of which contained high-level gentamicin-resistant genes (4). Our objective was to characterize epidemiologically related E. faecalis isolated from humans with UTIs and from poultry living in the same households in Vietnam to evaluate the zoonotic potential of E. faecalis.
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