Quality of Life and Safety of Tai Chi and Green Tea Extracts in Postmenopausal Women [NCCAM Research Results]

Quality of Life and Safety of Tai Chi and Green Tea Extracts in Postmenopausal Women

For postmenopausal women with osteopenia (low bone mineral density), practicing tai chi and/or taking green tea polyphenols appears to be safe. Further, practicing tai chi by itself or in combination with green tea polyphenol supplements may improve quality of life; however, taking green tea supplements by themselves has no significant improvement in quality of life. This is according to a recent NCCAM-funded study published in BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Osteopenia may precede osteoporosis, a bone disease characterized by reduced bone strength that can lead to fractures—a significant cause of disability in older people.

Previous clinical studies have suggested that tai chi—a traditional Chinese practice involving physical movement, mental focus, and deep breathing—has beneficial effects on bone health. Likewise, animal research has indicated that green tea polyphenols (substances rich in antioxidants) also may have bone-protective effects. However, there is limited information on the long-term safety of green tea supplements in people as well as several reports concerning their adverse effects on liver and kidney function. To further build on this evidence and to evaluate the effect of tai chi in combination with green tea polyphenol supplements, NCCAM-funded researchers investigated the safety and impact on quality of life of these interventions in postmenopausal women with osteopenia. (This study is part of a larger research project that is investigating the effects of green tea polyphenols and tai chi on bone health in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density. Results of other findings from the study—bone, inflammation, and stress parameters—will be published at a later date.)

Researchers from Texas Tech University randomly assigned 171 women to receive green tea polyphenols (500 mg daily); green tea polyphenols plus tai chi training; placebo pills (500 mg starch daily); or placebo pills plus tai chi training over a 24-week period. The tai chi training consisted of three 60-minute sessions per week. Researchers measured participants' depression (mood) and general health status, as well as liver and kidney function throughout the study. Participants in the tai chi groups reported significant beneficial effects in quality of life in terms of improving their emotional and mental health. The researchers found that green tea supplements did not significantly affect participants' liver enzymes or kidney serum levels and had no effect on quality of life.

The researchers noted that this is the first placebo-controlled, randomized study to evaluate the safety of long-term use of green tea supplements in postmenopausal women. Based on these findings, the researchers concluded that green tea polyphenols at a dose of 500 mg daily for 24 weeks, alone or in combination with tai chi, appears to be safe in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density.
Reference

* Shen C-L, Chyu M-C, Pence BC, et al. Green tea polyphenols supplementation and tai chi exercise for postmenopausal osteopenic women: safety and quality of life report. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2010;10(1):76. [Epub ahead of print]Green tea polyphenols supplementation and Tai Chi ... [BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010] - PubMed result

Additional Resources

* Tai Chi [Tai Chi [NCCAM Health Information]]
* Green Tea [Green Tea [NCCAM Herbs at a Glance]]
* Bone Mass Measurement: What the Numbers Mean (NIAMS) [Bone Mass Measurement: What the Numbers Mean]
* Tai Chi May Help Maintain Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women [Tai Chi May Help Maintain Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women [NCCAM Research Results]]

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Quality of Life and Safety of Tai Chi and Green Tea Extracts in Postmenopausal Women [NCCAM Research Results]

BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010 Dec 9;10:76.
Green tea polyphenols supplementation and Tai Chi exercise for postmenopausal osteopenic women: safety and quality of life report.

Shen CL, Chyu MC, Pence BC, Yeh JK, Zhang Y, Felton CK, Doctolero S, Wang JS.

Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA. leslie.shen@ttuhsc.edu.

Abstract

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that both green tea polyphenols (GTP) and Tai Chi (TC) exercise may benefit bone health in osteopenic women. However, their safety in this population has never been systematically investigated. In particular, there have been hepatotoxicity concerns related to green tea extract. This study was to evaluate the safety of 24 weeks of GTP supplementation combined with TC exercise in postmenopausal osteopenic women, along with effects on quality of life in this population.

METHODS: 171 postmenopausal women with osteopenia were randomly assigned to 4 treatment arms for 24 weeks: (1) Placebo (500 mg starch/day), (2) GTP (500 mg GTP/day), (3) Placebo + TC (placebo plus TC training at 60 min/session, 3 sessions/week), and (4) GTP + TC (GTP plus TC training). Safety was examined by assessing liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase), alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin at baseline and every 4 weeks. Kidney function (urea nitrogen and creatinine), calcium, and inorganic phosphorus were also assessed at the same times. Qualify of life using SF-36 questionnaire was evaluated at baseline, 12, and 24 weeks. A mixed model of repeated measures ANOVA was applied for analysis.

RESULTS: 150 subjects completed the study (12% attrition rate). The compliance rates for study agents and TC exercise were 89% and 83%, respectively. Neither GTP supplementation nor TC exercise affected liver or kidney function parameters throughout the study. No adverse event due to study treatment was reported by the participants. TC exercise significantly improved the scores for role-emotional and mental health of subjects, while no effect on quality of life was observed due to GTP supplementation.

CONCLUSIONS: GTP at a dose of 500 mg/day and/or TC exercise at 3 hr/week for 24 weeks appear to be safe in postmenopausal osteopenic women, particularly in terms of liver and kidney functions. TC exercise for 24 weeks (3 hr/wk) significantly improved quality of life in terms of role-emotional and mental health in these subjects. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00625391.

PMID: 21143878 [PubMed - in process]PMCID: PMC3014873
Free PMC Article
Green tea polyphenols supplementation and Tai Chi ... [BMC Complement Altern Med. 2010] - PubMed result

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Green tea polyphenols supplementation and Tai Chi exercise for postmenopausal osteopenic women: safety and quality of life report